Berchet C. Emergency care services: trends, drivers and interventions to manage the demand, OECD health working papers, no. 83. Paris: OECD Publishing; 2015.
Google Scholar
Di Somma S, Paladino L, Vaughan L, Lalle I, Magrini L, Magnanti M. Overcrowding in emergency department: an international issue. Intern Emerg Med. 2015;10(2):171–5.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Richardson DB, Mountain D. Myths versus facts in emergency department overcrowding and hospital access block. Med J Aust. 2009;190(7):369–74.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Dickinson G. Emergency department overcrowding. Can Med Assoc J. 1989;140(3):270.
CAS
Google Scholar
Andrulis DP, Kellermann A, Hintz EA, Hackman BB, Weslowski VB. Emergency departments and crowding in United States teaching hospitals. Ann Emerg Med. 1991;20(9):980–6.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Schneider SM, Gallery ME, Schafermeyer R, Zwemer FL. Emergency department crowding: a point in time. Ann Emerg Med. 2003;42(2):167–72.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
American College of Emergency Physicians. Crowding. Policy Statement.2006.January.
Pines JM, Hollander JE. Emergency department crowding is associated with poor care for patients with severe pain. Ann Emerg Med. 2008;51(1):1–5.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bernstein SL, Aronsky D, Duseja R, Epstein S, Handel D, Hwang U, et al. The effect of emergency department crowding on clinically oriented outcomes. Acad Emerg Med. 2009;16(1):1–10.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sprivulis PC, Da Silva JA, Jacobs IG, Jelinek GA, Frazer AR. The association between hospital overcrowding and mortality among patients admitted via Western Australian emergency departments. Med J Australia. 2006;184(5):208–12.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Guttmann A, Schull MJ, Vermeulen MJ, Stukel TA. Association between waiting times and short term mortality and hospital admission after departure from emergency department: population based cohort study from Ontario, Canada. BMJ. 2011;342:d2983.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Higginson I. Emergency department crowding. Emerg Med J. 2012;29(6):437–43.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Nuti S. La valutazione della performance in sanità. Bologna: Il Mulino; 2008.
Google Scholar
Young GP, Wagner MB, Kellermann AL, Ellis J, Bouley D. Ambulatory visits to hospital emergency departments: patterns and reasons for use. Jama. 1996;276(6):460–5.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Uscher-Pines L, Pines J, Kellermann A, Gillen E, Mehrotra A. Emergency department visits for nonurgent conditions: systematic literature review. Am J Manag Care. 2013;19(1):47–59.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Marcacci L, Nuti S, Seghieri C. Migliorare la soddisfazione in Pronto Soccorso: metodi per definire le strategie di intervento in Toscana. Mecosan. 2010;74:3–18.
Google Scholar
Coster JE, Turner JK, Bradbury D, Cantrell A. Why do people choose emergency and urgent care services? A rapid review utilizing a systematic literature search and narrative synthesis. Acad Emerg Med. 2017;24(9):1137–49.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Ragin DF, Hwang U, Cydulka RK, Holson D, Haley LL Jr, Richards CF, et al. Reasons for using the emergency department: results of the EMPATH study. Acad Emerg Med. 2005;12(12):1158–66.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Chen BK, Cheng X, Bennett K, Hibbert J. Travel distances, socioeconomic characteristics, and health disparities in nonurgent and frequent use of hospital emergency departments in South Carolina: a population-based observational study. BMC Health Serv Res. 2015;15(1):203.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Sarver JH, Cydulka RK, Baker DW. Usual source of care and nonurgent emergency department use. Acad Emerg Med. 2002;9(9):916–23.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Cowling TE, Cecil EV, Soljak MA, Lee JT, Millett C, Majeed A, et al. Access to primary care and visits to emergency departments in England: a cross-sectional, population-based study. Plos One. 2013;8(6):e66699.
Cecil E, Bottle A, Cowling TE, Majeed A, Wolfe I, Saxena S. Primary care access, emergency department visits, and unplanned short hospitalizations in the UK. Pediatrics. 2016;137(2):e20151492.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Van den Berg MJ, Van Loenen T, Westert GP. Accessible and continuous primary care may help reduce rates of emergency department use. An international survey in 34 countries. Fam Pract. 2016;33(1):42–50.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Garthwaite C, Gross T, Notowidigdo M, Graves JA. Insurance expansion and hospital emergency department access: evidence from the affordable care act. Ann Intern Med. 2017;166(3):172–9.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Fishman J, McLafferty S, Galanter W. Does spatial access to primary care affect emergency department utilization for nonemergent conditions? Health Serv Res. 2018;53(1):489–508.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Wagner EH, Davis C, Schaefer J, Von Korff M, Austin B. A survey of leading chronic disease management programs: are they consistent with the literature? J Nurs Care Qual. 2002;16(2):67–80.
Article
Google Scholar
Bodenheimer T, Wagner EH, Grumbach K. Improving primary care for patients with chronic illness. Jama. 2002;288(14):1775–9.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Coleman K, Austin BT, Brach C, Wagner EH. Evidence on the chronic care model in the new millennium. Health Affair. 2009;28(1):75–85.
Article
Google Scholar
Althaus F, Paroz S, Hugli O, Ghali WA, Daeppen JB, Peytremann-Bridevaux I, Bodenmann P. Effectiveness of interventions targeting frequent users of emergency departments: a systematic review. Ann Emerg Med. 2011;58(1):41–52.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Hoot NR, Aronsky D. Systematic review of emergency department crowding: causes, effects, and solutions. Ann Emerg Med. 2008;52(2):126–36.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Pines JM, Asplin BR, Kaji AH, Lowe RA, Magid DJ, Raven M, et al. Frequent users of emergency department services: gaps in knowledge and a proposed research agenda. Acad Emerg Med. 2011;18(6):e64–9.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bieler G, Paroz S, Faouzi M, Trueb L, Vaucher P, Althaus F, et al. Social and medical vulnerability factors of emergency department frequent users in a universal health insurance system. Acad Emerg Med. 2012;19(1):63–8.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Hudon C, Courteau J, Krieg C, Vanasse A. Factors associated with chronic frequent emergency department utilization in a population with diabetes living in metropolitan areas: a population-based retrospective cohort study. BMC Health Serv Res. 2017;17(1):525.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Lambe S, Washington DL, Fink A, Laouri M, Liu H, Fosse JS, et al. Waiting times in California's emergency departments. Ann Emerg Med. 2003;41(1):35–44.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Trzeciak S, Rivers EP. Emergency department overcrowding in the United States: an emerging threat to patient safety and public health. Emerg Med J. 2003;20(5):402–5.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Panero C, Nuti S, Marcacci L, Rosselli A. Il quaderno del Pronto Soccorso. Firenze: Polistampa Editore; 2016.
Google Scholar
Cooke MW, Wilson S, Pearson S. The effect of a separate stream for minor injuries on accident and emergency department waiting times. Emerg Med J. 2002;19(1):28–30.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Sanchez M, Smally AJ, Grant RJ, Jacobs LM. Effects of a fast-track area on emergency department performance. J Emerg Med. 2006;31(1):117–20.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Elder E, Johnston AN, Crilly J. Systematic review of three key strategies designed to improve patient flow through the emergency department. Emerg Med Australas. 2015;27(5):394–404.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Moskop JC, Sklar DP, Geiderman JM, Schears RM, Bookman KJ. Emergency department crowding, part 1—concept, causes, and moral consequences. Ann Emerg Med. 2009;53(5):605–11.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Derlet RW, Richards JR, Kravitz RL. Frequent overcrowding in US emergency departments. Acad Emerg Med. 2001;8(2):151–5.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Shi P, Chou MC, Dai JG, Ding D, Sim J. Models and insights for hospital inpatient operations: time-dependent ED boarding time. Manag Sci. 2016;62(1):1–28.
Google Scholar
Improta G, Romano M, Di Cicco MV, Ferraro A, Borrelli A, Verdoliva C, et al. Lean thinking to improve emergency department throughput at AORN Cardarelli hospital. BMC Health Serv Res. 2018;18(1):914.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Nuti S, Vainieri M. Managing waiting times in diagnostic medical imaging. BMJ Open. 2012;2(6):e001255.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Lungu DA, Ruggieri TG, Nuti S. Decision making tools for managing waiting times and treatment rates in elective surgery. BMC Health Serv Res. 2019;19(1):369.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Nuti S, Vola F, Bonini A, Vainieri M. Making governance work in the health care sector: evidence from a ‘natural experiment’ in Italy. Health Econ Policy L. 2016;11(1):17–38.
Article
Google Scholar
Nuti S, Seghieri C, Vainieri M. Assessing the effectiveness of a performance evaluation system in the public health care sector: some novel evidence from the Tuscany region experience. J Manag Govern. 2013;17(1):59–69.
Article
Google Scholar
Faraoni M, La Mastra M, Profili F, Vainieri M. Welfare e salute in Toscana 2018. Firenze: ARS Toscana; 2019.
Gallo M, Panero C, Vainieri M. La segmentazione comportamentale dei pazienti non urgenti in Pronto Soccorso: specificità degli utenti frequent user ed occasionali. Economia del diritto terziario. 2017;3:423–41.
Google Scholar
Van den Heede K, Van de Voorde C. Interventions to reduce emergency department utilisation: a review of reviews. Health Policy. 2016;120(12):1337–49.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar