Assessing the psychosocial work environment in the health care setting: translation and psychometric testing of the French and Italian Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaires (COPSOQ) in a large sample of health professionals in Switzerland

Table 5 Test of factor invariance (loadings confirmatory factor analysis) across multiple across language groups

Scales	X2 difference in loadings	Difference in loadings	P-value
Demands at work
Quantitative demands	8.89	4	0.0638
Sensorial demands	100.66	8	p < 0.001
Work environment	63.73	8	p < 0.001
Work organisation & content
Opportunities for development	21.25	4	0.0003
Influence at work	23.10	4	0.0001
Social relations & leadership
Role clarity	10.45	4	0.0334
Role conflicts	11.21	4	0.0243
Quality of leadership	12.45	6	0.0526
Social support at work	43.47	6	p < 0.001
Person-work interface
Job insecurity	3.23	6	0.7801
Home-work interface
Work-private life conflict	37.68	8	p < 0.001
Stress symptoms & long-term consequences
Behavioural stress symptoms	99.22	6	p < 0.001
Cognitive stress symptoms	5.26	6	0.5108
Job satisfaction	65.01	10	p < 0.001
Burnout-symptoms	6.19	4	0.1857

P-values of < 0.05 indicate evidence of loading variance across the German, French, and Italian versions of the scale

ISSN: 1472-6963