Table 5 The boundaries of processes
Processes | Goals | Deficiencies |
|---|---|---|
Prescribing | Assessing the need for and select the right drug .individuals the therapeutic regimen | - Illegibility - Abbreviations - Improper Dosing - Dosing Errors - Ordering medications to which patient was allergic - Duplicate therapy - Unclear/incomplete medication history |
Dispensing | Preparing the drug and providing it in timely manner | - Labeling errors during repackaging - Lack of access to the right medication at the right time - Less control over inventory - Poor/no audit trail |
Administration | Providing the right medication to the right patient when indicated | - Wrong patient - Wrong medication - Wrong time - Wrong dose - Wrong route |
Monitoring | Monitoring of response and adverse events and evaluating of drug selection and regimen frequency and duration. | - Failure to recognize adverse reactions - Failure to report adverse reactions - Failure to educate patients about potential side effects |