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Table 4 Determinants of provider choice for outpatient care for acute conditions

From: Healthcare seeking behaviour among self-help group households in Rural Bihar and Uttar Pradesh, India

Variable

None

Other

Pharmacist

Private

NDAP

Odds Ratio

Standard Error

Odds Ratio

Standard Error

Odds Ratio

Standard Error

Odds Ratio

Standard Error

Odds Ratio

Standard Error

Female headed household (1/0)

1.336

0.348

3.054c

1.233

1.215

0.339

1.414

0.356

1.435

0.335

Female children 0–13 (1/0)

1.382

0.413

2.016

1.123

1.32

0.417

2.308c

0.672

1.861b

0.487

Female older than 55 years (1/0)

1.104

0.437

1.427

0.877

1.311

0.565

1.346

0.522

1.215

0.439

Male aged 0–13 years (1/0)

1.087

0.31

2.875b

1.535

0.865

0.264

2.200c

0.605

1.673b

0.412

Male aged 14–55 years (1/0)

0.742

0.158

1.191

0.472

1.321

0.295

1.411a

0.283

1.175

0.218

Male older than 55 years (1/0)

0.78

0.358

2.794a

1.697

1.009

0.509

1.064

0.467

1.152

0.465

Log of household size

0.540c

0.124

0.555

0.232

0.614a

0.153

0.938

0.201

0.954

0.19

Primary education (1/0)

0.859

0.195

0.292b

0.142

0.841

0.204

1.064

0.228

1.11

0.216

Secondary education (1/0)

1.517b

0.295

1.005

0.351

1.149

0.242

1.694c

0.317

1.264

0.219

Higher secondary education (1/0)

0.707

0.187

0.912

0.502

0.937

0.259

1.371

0.332

0.654a

0.149

Log of annual per capita exp. (INR)

0.650b

0.117

0.462b

0.164

0.78

0.155

0.963

0.156

0.909

0.14

Scheduled caste/tribe (1/0)

1.129

0.188

0.659

0.2

1.042

0.188

0.91

0.147

1.209

0.178

Self-employed in non-agriculture (1/0)

1.19

0.303

1.139

0.479

1.867b

0.483

1.540a

0.363

0.967

0.212

Other employment (1/0)

1.662a

0.467

0.819

0.443

1.473

0.441

1.115

0.308

0.738

0.186

Casual wage labourer (1/0)

1.369

0.296

1.231

0.483

1.155

0.271

1.486a

0.305

1.128

0.213

Not working (1/0)

1.953b

0.635

0.825

0.646

1.071

0.404

2.115b

0.666

1.375

0.398

Doing housework (1/0)

0.945

0.305

0.605

0.318

0.841

0.297

1.157

0.358

0.784

0.225

Student (1/0)

0.752

0.183

0.476

0.226

1.007

0.257

0.606b

0.143

0.818

0.172

Kanpur Dehat

1.992c

0.458

1.181

0.413

0.420c

0.11

0.653a

0.143

1.261

0.263

Pratapgarh

0.435c

0.087

0.203c

0.072

0.408c

0.082

0.193c

0.036

0.389c

0.068

Acute gastrointestinal symptoms (1/0)

1.446a

0.296

1.621

0.602

1.265

0.267

0.834

0.156

1.201

0.209

Acute febrile symptoms (1/0)

1.718a

0.533

1.216

0.751

0.701

0.246

0.736

0.221

0.78

0.219

Acute musculoskeletal symptoms (1/0)

4.711c

2.112

4.894b

3.199

2.121

1.026

1.801

0.814

1.343

0.58

Other acute symptoms (1/0)

0.901

0.223

1.212

0.515

0.645

0.173

0.97

0.216

0.643b

0.135

Log of cost

0.996

0.005

0.996

0.005

0.996

0.005

0.996

0.005

0.996

0.005

Log of time

0.858c

0.029

0.858c

0.029

0.858c

0.029

0.858c

0.029

0.858c

0.029

N = 4171

          
  1. The table provides odds ratios based on a conditional logit model. The reference category is visiting a public provider. Models are estimated over the sample that reported an acute illness. The employment and occupation variables refer to the employment and occupation of the household head. a, b, c indicate significance at the 10, 5 and 1 % respectively