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Table 3 Determinants of the probability of seeking outpatient care for acute and chronic conditions and of seeking inpatient care

From: Healthcare seeking behaviour among self-help group households in Rural Bihar and Uttar Pradesh, India

Variable

Acute Illness (1)

Chronic Illness (2)

Inpatient Care (3)

 

Marginal Effects

Standard Error

Marginal Effects

Standard Error

Marginal Effects

Standard Error

Female headed household (1/0)

0.002

0.018

−0.033a

0.018

−0.000

0.003

Female children 0–13 (1/0)

0.035b

0.015

    

Female older than 55 years (1/0)

0.012

0.026

0.016

0.024

−0.011b

0.005

Male aged 0–13 years (1/0)

0.050c

0.015

    

Male aged 14–55 years (1/0)

0.060c

0.015

−0.017

0.021

−0.006a

0.003

Male older than 55 years (1/0)

0.042

0.033

0.012

0.026

−0.010b

0.005

Log of household size

0.058c

0.017

0.107c

0.020

−0.003

0.003

Primary education (1/0)

0.017

0.017

0.026

0.021

0.007a

0.003

Secondary education (1/0)

−0.016

0.013

−0.003

0.019

0.005a

0.003

Higher secondary education (1/0)

0.022

0.020

0.131c

0.031

0.004

0.004

Natural log of annual per capita expenditure (INR)

0.037c

0.013

0.069c

0.019

0.005a

0.003

Scheduled caste/tribe (1/0)

−0.004

0.012

−0.008

0.015

−0.001

0.003

Self-employed in non-agriculture (1/0)

0.002

0.018

0.041

0.032

−0.005

0.005

Other employment (1/0)

−0.066c

0.022

0.080b

0.038

0.005

0.006

Casual wage labourer (1/0)

−0.017

0.015

0.003

0.026

0.003

0.004

Not working (1/0)

−0.033

0.022

−0.015

0.027

0.000

0.005

Doing housework (1/0)

−0.011

0.022

0.001

0.022

0.000

0.004

Student (1/0)

  

−0.033

0.031

  

Kanpur Dehat

−0.098c

0.015

−0.087c

0.019

−0.006b

0.003

Pratapgarh

−0.029b

0.014

−0.101c

0.017

−0.007c

0.003

Acute gastrointestinal symptoms (1/0)

−0.032b

0.015

    

Acute febrile symptoms (1/0)

−0.093c

0.022

    

Acute musculoskeletal symptoms (1/0)

−0.136c

0.026

    

Other acute symptoms (1/0)

−0.020

0.019

    

Self-assessed health measure Increasing in health (−1 to +1)

  

−0.150c

0.024

−0.049c

0.004

Chronic lungs/respiratory symptoms (1/0)

  

0.043a

0.023

  

Chronic gastrointestinal symptoms (1/0) (1/0)

  

0.061c

0.023

  

Chronic allergic symptoms (1/0)

  

−0.004

0.026

  

Other chronic symptoms (1/0)

  

0.008

0.019

  

Chronic symptoms related to Internal organs (1/0)

  

0.021

0.027

  

N

4,171

 

3,276

 

13,965

 
  1. The table provides marginal effects based on probit models. Models for outpatient care are estimated over the sample of respondents that reported an illness. The sample for chronic illnesses and inpatient care exclude children younger than 13 years of age. The employment and occupation variables refer to the employment and occupation of the household head. a,b,c indicate significance at the 10,5 and 1 % respectively