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  1. Health optimisation programmes are an increasingly popular policy intervention that aim to support patients to lose weight or stop smoking ahead of surgery. There is little evidence about their impact and the ...

    Authors: Joanna McLaughlin, Cecily Palmer, Sabi Redwood, Ruth Kipping, Lucie Owens, Rebecca Reynolds, Lauren J Scott, Elizabeth M Hill, Jenny L Donovan, Russell Jago and Amanda Owen-Smith
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:409
  2. Ascertaining the causes for deaths occurring outside health facilities is a significant problem in many developing countries where civil registration systems are not well developed or non-functional. Standardi...

    Authors: C. Chabila Mapoma, Brian Munkombwe, Chomba Mwango, Bupe Bwalya Bwalya, Audrey Kalindi and N. Philimon Gona
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:408
  3. To keep a high quality of assistance it is important for hospitals to invest in health technologies (HTs) that have the potential of improving health outcomes. Even though guidance exists on how HTs should be ...

    Authors: Adriano Grossi, Ilda Hoxhaj, Irene Gabutti, Maria Lucia Specchia, Americo Cicchetti, Stefania Boccia and Chiara de Waure
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:407
  4. New Public Management (NPM) has been widely used to introduce competition into public healthcare. Results have been mixed, and there has been much controversy about the appropriateness of a private sector-mimi...

    Authors: Jonas Wohlin, Clara Fischer, Karin Solberg Carlsson, Sara Korlén, Pamela Mazzocato, Carl Savage, Holger Stalberg and Mats Brommels
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:406
  5. Access to contraceptive services is a cornerstone of human well-being. While Community Health Volunteers (CHVs) promote family planning in Kenya, the unmet need for contraceptives among youth remains high. CHV...

    Authors: Hermen Ormel, George Oele, Maryse Kok, Happiness Oruko, Beatrice Oluoch, Eefje Smet and Dorcus Indalo
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:405
  6. China proposed the Zero Markup Drug Policy (ZMDP), which popularized in tertiary hospitals across the country in 2017, to control drug expenditures’ rapid growth further and reduce the public’s medical burden....

    Authors: Jielin Du, Jiajia Xie, Yan Qian, Mingyue Wu, Wenjing Huang, Jin Yin, Xin Peng and Dan Deng
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:404
  7. Although community participation remains an essential component globally in healthcare service planning, evidence of how rural communities participate in the planning of rural-based healthcare programs has les...

    Authors: Isaac Annobil, Francis Dakyaga and Mavis Lepiinlia Sillim
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:403
  8. Weak referral systems remain a major concern influencing timely access to the appropriate level of care during obstetric emergencies, particularly for Low-and Middle-Income Countries, including Ghana. It is a ...

    Authors: Bernice Ofosu, Dan Ofori, Michael Ntumy, Kwaku Asah-Opoku and Theodore Boafor
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:402
  9. Health Technology Reassessment (HTR) is a process that systematically assesses technologies that are currently used in the health care system. The process results in four outputs: increase use or decrease use,...

    Authors: Rosmin Esmail, Fiona M. Clement, Jayna Holroyd-Leduc, Daniel J. Niven and Heather M. Hanson
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:401
  10. There are increasing opportunities for healthcare professionals outside medicine to be involved in and lead clinical research. However, there are few roles within these professions that include time for resear...

    Authors: Lisa Newington, Mary Wells, Adine Adonis, Lee Bolton, Layla Bolton Saghdaoui, Margaret Coffey, Jennifer Crow, Olga Fadeeva Costa, Catherine Hughes, Matthew Savage, Lillie Shahabi and Caroline M. Alexander
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:400
  11. Demand for stroke rehabilitation is expected to grow dramatically; with the estimated prevalence of stroke survivors rising to 70 million worldwide by 2030. The World Health Organization’s (WHO) report - Rehabili...

    Authors: Kimberley Elizabeth Watkins, William Mark Magnus Levack, Farooq Azam Rathore and Elizabeth Jean Carleton Hay-Smith
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:399
  12. Primary health care is the entry point to the health-care system and regarded as an essential step to achieving universal health coverage. The present study aimed at evaluating the quality of health-care servi...

    Authors: Tahereh Sharifi, Seyede-Elahe Hosseini, Saeed Mohammadpour, Javad Javan-Noughabi, Hosein Ebrahimipour and Elahe Hooshmand
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:397
  13. In recent years, health centers in the United States have embraced the opportunity to train the next generation of health professionals. The uniqueness of the health centers as teaching settings emphasizes the...

    Authors: Ianita Zlateva, Amanda Schiessl, Nashwa Khalid, Kerry Bamrick and Margaret Flinter
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:396
  14. The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused unprecedented challenges within medical centers, revealing inequities embedded in the medical community and exposing fragile social support systems. While faculty...

    Authors: Emily Gottenborg, Amy Yu, Roxana Naderi, Angela Keniston, Lauren McBeth, Katherine Morrison, David Schwartz and Marisha Burden
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:395
  15. Quality improvement (QI) initiatives are increasingly used to improve the quality of care and reduce prescribing errors. The Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP) and Clinical Practice Research Datalin...

    Authors: Nada F. Khan, Helen P. Booth, Puja Myles, David Mullett, Arlene Gallagher, Catheryn Evans, Nicholas PB. Thomas and Janet Valentine
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:394

    The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:539

  16. Healthcare service users who are parents with psychosis form part of the caseload of most community mental health teams. Mental health professionals can experience uncertainty about how to work with and ask ab...

    Authors: Jessica Radley, Jane Barlow and Louise Johns
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:393
  17. Work stress and compassion fatigue are prevalent among healthcare staff and their negative effects on staff well-being and patient care are well-known. This paper reports on the implementation and evaluation o...

    Authors: Jeremy Dawson, Imelda McCarthy, Cath Taylor, Kristin Hildenbrand, Mary Leamy, Ellie Reynolds and Jill Maben
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:392
  18. Provision of informal care may adversely affect health, daily and social activities of the informal caregivers, but few studies have examined these effects in relation to caregiving intensity. This study exami...

    Authors: Suhana Jawahir, Ee Hong Tan, Yeung R’ong Tan, Sarah Nurain Mohd Noh and Iqbal Ab Rahim
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:391
  19. Inequalities in the availability of maternity health services in rural Australia have been documented, but not the impact on aeromedical retrievals. This study aims to examine the prevalence of pregnancy-relat...

    Authors: David Gonzalez-Chica, Marianne Gillam, Susan Williams, Pritish Sharma, Matthew Leach, Martin Jones, Lucie Walters and Fergus Gardiner
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:390
  20. In an era of an increasingly ageing society, part of healthcare for older adults can be provided in patients’ homes, and the need for home health care services (HHCSs) is increasing. This study sought to deter...

    Authors: Xiaojingyuan Xu, Chunyan Zhao, Meirong Wang, Xiaolei Chen, Shuang Shao and Juan Du
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:389
  21. Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health concern in South Africa and TB-related mortality remains unacceptably high. Numerous clinical studies have examined the direct causes of TB-related mortality, but its...

    Authors: Muhammad Osman, Aaron S Karat, Munira Khan, Sue-Ann Meehan, Arne von Delft, Zameer Brey, Salome Charalambous, Anneke C Hesseling, Pren Naidoo and Marian Loveday
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:388
  22. Competition-promoting reforms and economic incentives are increasingly being introduced worldwide to improve the performance of healthcare delivery. This study considers such a reform which was initiated in 20...

    Authors: Fanny Goude, Sverre A. C. Kittelsen, Henrik Malchau, Maziar Mohaddes and Clas Rehnberg
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:387
  23. The Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program (HRRP) was introduced to reduce readmission rates among Medicare beneficiaries, however little is known about readmissions and costs for HRRP-targeted conditions in ...

    Authors: Chi-Hua Lu, Collin M. Clark, Ryan Tober, Meghan Allen, Walter Gibson, Edward M. Bednarczyk, Christopher J. Daly and David M. Jacobs
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:386
  24. China has initiated a medical pricing reform to combat the overuse of drugs and relieve the financial burden of patients. This paper aims to analyze the effect of medical pricing reform on revenue structure an...

    Authors: Mengling Liu, Mingyuan Jia, Qian Lin, Jiawei Zhu and Dong Wang
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:385
  25. Multi-professional obstetric emergencies training is one promising strategy to improve maternity care. Sustaining training programmes following successful implementation remains a challenge. Understanding, and...

    Authors: Kiren Ghag, Rachna Bahl, Cathy Winter, Mary Lynch, Nayda Bautista, Rogelio Ilagan, Matthew Ellis, Isabel de Salis and Timothy J. Draycott
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:384
  26. Lean management practices are increasingly used in hospitals. However, their impacts on staff have not been systematically synthesised. This scoping review aims to synthesise the evidence on the effects of Lea...

    Authors: Zeyad Mahmoud, Nathalie Angelé-Halgand, Kate Churruca, Louise A. Ellis and Jeffrey Braithwaite
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:383
  27. The complex interrelationships between professional identity, job satisfaction, burnout, and turnover intention among general practitioners (GPs) are insufficiently understood in China. This study aimed to inv...

    Authors: Tao Zhang, Jing Feng, Heng Jiang, Xin Shen, Bo Pu and Yong Gan
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:382
  28. In response to the rising global NCD burden, humanitarian actors have rapidly scaled-up NCD services in crisis-affected low-and-middle income countries. Using the RE-AIM implementation framework, we evaluated ...

    Authors: Éimhín Ansbro, Tobias Homan, Jamil Qasem, Karla Bil, Mohammed Rasoul Tarawneh, Bayard Roberts, Pablo Perel and Kiran Jobanputra
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:381
  29. Achieving universal health coverage (UHC) and reduction in out of pocket (OOP) expenditures on health, is a critical target of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). In low-middle income countries, micro-hea...

    Authors: Shifa Salman Habib and Shehla Zaidi
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:380
  30. This study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of a breast cancer screening programme that incorporates genetic testing using breast cancer associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), against the c...

    Authors: Jerry Zeng Yang Wong, Jia Hui Chai, Yen Shing Yeoh, Nur Khaliesah Mohamed Riza, Jenny Liu, Yik-Ying Teo, Hwee Lin Wee and Mikael Hartman
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:379
  31. Readmission rates are frequently used as a quality indicator for health care, yet their validity for evaluating quality is unclear. Published research on variables affecting readmission to psychiatric hospital...

    Authors: Eva Lassemo, Lars Henrik Myklebust, Damiano Salazzari and Jorid Kalseth
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:378
  32. The need for and usage of electronic patient records within hospitals has steadily increased over the last decade for economic reasons as well as the proceeding digitalization. While there are numerous benefit...

    Authors: Marina Beckmann, Kerstin Dittmer, Julia Jaschke, Ute Karbach, Juliane Köberlein-Neu, Maya Nocon, Carsten Rusniok, Florian Wurster and Holger Pfaff
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:377
  33. Administrative health data are increasingly used to detect adverse drug events (ADEs). However, the few studies evaluating diagnostic codes for ADE detection demonstrated low sensitivity, likely due to narrow ...

    Authors: Bettina Habib, Robyn Tamblyn, Nadyne Girard, Tewodros Eguale and Allen Huang
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:376
  34. In low- and middle-income countries, the paucity of conventional health services means that many people with mental health problems rely on traditional health practitioners (THPs). This paper examines the poss...

    Authors: Solomon Nyame, Edward Adiibokah, Yasmin Mohammed, Victor C. Doku, Caleb Othieno, Benjamin Harris, Oye Gureje, Seedat Soraya and John Appiah-Poku
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:375
  35. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to global shortages in the resources required to care for critically ill patients and to protect frontline healthcare providers. This study investigated physicians’ perceptions an...

    Authors: Jeanna Parsons Leigh, Laryssa G. Kemp, Chloe de Grood, Rebecca Brundin-Mather, Henry T. Stelfox, Josh S. Ng-Kamstra and Kirsten M. Fiest
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:374
  36. Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been the subject of a numerous research projects over the past year. In cases with a severe disease course or threatening long-term impairment due to disease, the ...

    Authors: Mercedes Rutsch, Jördis Frommhold, Heike Buhr-Schinner, Levan Djeiranachvili, Thomas Gross, Per Otto Schüller, Alexander Katalinic and Ruth Deck
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:373
  37. Self-report resource-use measures (RUMs) are often used to collect healthcare use data from participants in healthcare studies. However, RUMs are typically adapted from existing measures on a study-by-study ba...

    Authors: Kirsty Garfield, Samantha Husbands, Joanna C. Thorn, Sian Noble and Will Hollingworth
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:371
  38. Physician burnout has potentially harmful effects for both physicians and their patients. Despite relationships between physician burnout and lowered patient satisfaction and clinician-rated adverse patient ou...

    Authors: Kashan Yasin Mangory, Lavin Yadgar Ali, Karin Isaksson Rø and Reidar Tyssen
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:369
  39. The sustainability of Australian rural maternity services is under threat due to current workforce shortages. In July 2019, a new midwifery caseload model of care was implemented in rural South Australia to pr...

    Authors: Pamela Adelson, Rachael Yates, Julie-Anne Fleet and Lois McKellar
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:368
  40. In restraint use in the somatic acute-care hospital setting, routine and institutional culture seem to play an important role. This implies that similar patient situations would be managed with restraints in o...

    Authors: Silvia Thomann, Sabine Hahn, Silvia Bauer, Dirk Richter and Sandra Zwakhalen
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:367
  41. Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) can be used in cancer care to monitor patients’ disease-related symptoms and functional status. However, successful implementation of such instruments is only possible if clini...

    Authors: Nora Tabea Sibert, Christoph Kowalski, Holger Pfaff, Simone Wesselmann and Clara Breidenbach
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:366
  42. Primary healthcare (PHC) is an essential component of an effective healthcare system. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia’s (KSA) health reforms prioritize tackling the increasing noncommunicable disease burden by pri...

    Authors: Quds Al Saffer, Taghred Al-Ghaith, Ahlam Alshehri, Rimah Al-Mohammed, Shahad Al Homidi, Mariam M. Hamza, Christopher H. Herbst and Nahar Alazemi
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:365
  43. Internationally, it is expected that health services will involve the public in health service design. Evaluation of public involvement has typically focused on the process and experiences for participants. Le...

    Authors: Nicola Lloyd, Amanda Kenny and Nerida Hyett
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:364
  44. In Kenya, street-connected children and youth (SCY) have poor health outcomes and die prematurely due to preventable causes. This suggests they are not accessing or receiving adequately responsive healthcare t...

    Authors: Embleton Lonnie, Shah Pooja, Gayapersad Allison, Kiptui Reuben, Ayuku David, Wachira Juddy, Apondi Edith and Braitstein Paula
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:363
  45. High-quality resuscitation among non-crying babies immediately after birth can reduce intrapartum-related deaths and morbidity. Helping Babies Breathe program aims to improve performance on neonatal resuscitat...

    Authors: Dipak Raj Chaulagain, Mats Malqvist, Olivia Brunell, Johan Wrammert, Omkar Basnet and Ashish KC
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:362
  46. Informal family caregivers constitute an important and increasingly demanding role in the cancer healthcare system. This is especially true for caregivers of patients with primary malignant brain tumors based ...

    Authors: Maija Reblin, Dana Ketcher, Rachael McCormick, Veronica Barrios-Monroy, Steven K. Sutton, Bradley Zebrack, Kristen J. Wells, Solmaz Sahebjam, Peter Forsyth and Margaret M. Byrne
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:360
  47. The incidence of tuberculosis (TB) is high in Uganda; yet, TB case detection is low. The population-based survey on the prevalence of TB in Uganda revealed that only 16% of presumptive TB patients seeking care...

    Authors: Keith Twirire Kakame, Noel Namuhani, Andrew Kazibwe, Felix Bongomin, Joseph Baruch Baluku and Sebastian Olikira Baine
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:359
  48. Physical activity rates in cancer survivors continue to be low despite the known benefits and availability of evidence-based programs. LIVESTRONG at the Y is a national community-based physical activity progra...

    Authors: Jamie M. Faro, Kristin M. Mattocks, Dalton Mourao, Catherine S. Nagawa, Stephenie C. Lemon, Bo Wang, Sarah L. Cutrona and Rajani S. Sadasivam
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:358
  49. The subjects of organizational culture and leadership have been studied several times in various fields. However, studies have tried to determine the relationship between corporate culture and leadership as it...

    Authors: Hatem H. Alsaqqa and Çağdaş E. Akyürek
    Citation: BMC Health Services Research 2021 21:356