Table 3 Assessment of DKD services [n(%)]

Total

4930(79.13)

3749(60.18)

4866(78.11)

5260(84.43)

Gender

 Male

2436(80.72)

1862(61.70)

2433(80.62)

2603(86.25)

 Female

2494(77.65)

1887(58.75)

2433(75.75)

2657(82.72)

χ2

8.88

5.64

21.57

14.73

P

< 0.01

0.02

< 0.01

< 0.01

Age

 18–44 yrs

235(80.76)

189(64.95)

245(84.19)

251(86.25)

 45-59yrs

1491(81.08)

1123(61.07)

1472(80.04)

1578(85.81)

 60 and above

3204(78.15) ^a

2437(59.44)

3149(76.80) ^{a, b}

3431(83.68)

χ²

7.09

4.30

14.40

5.13

P

0.03

0.12

< 0.01

0.08

Residential

 Urban areas

2434(79.13)

1890(61.44)

2528(82.18)

2658(86.41)

 Rural areas

2496(79.14)

1859(58.94)

2338(74.13)

2602(82.50)

χ²

< 0.01

4.07

59.11

18.13

P

0.99

0.04

< 0.01

< 0.01

Location

 Southern

2491(78.46)

1764(55.56)

2434(76.66)

2686(84.60)

 Northern

2439(79.84)

1985(64.98)

2432(79.61)

2574(84.26)

χ²

1.79

57.61

7.90

0.14

P

0.18

< 0.01

< 0.01

0.71

Education level

 Under primary school

932(73.73)

648(51.27)

892(70.57)

1008(79.75)

 Primary school

1150(76.26)

841(55.77)

1090(72.28)

1192(79.05)

 Junior high school

1451(80.75) ^{c, d}

1120(62.33) ^{c, d}

1456(81.02) ^{c, d}

1564(87.03) ^{c, d}

 Senior high school

1004(83.32) ^{c, d}

807(66.97) ^{c, d}

1023(84.90) ^{c, d}

1075(89.21) ^{c, d}

 College and above

393(86.18) ^{c, d}

333(73.03) ^{c, d,e}

405(88.82) ^{c, d,e}

421(92.32) ^{c, d,e}

χ²

59.20

112.20

143.92

106.20

P

< 0.01

< 0.01

< 0.01

< 0.01

Comorbidity

 Yes

2632(81.36)

1941(60.00)

2580(79.75)

2803(86.65)

 No

2298(76.73)

1808(60.37)

2286(76.33)

2457(82.04)

χ²

20.21

0.09

10.67

25.13

P

< 0.01

0.77

< 0.01

< 0.01

Duration of T2DM

 Under five years

1595(76.65)

1195(57.42)

1600(76.89)

1733(83.28)

 5–9 years

1672(79.92) ^f

1271(60.76)

1644(78.59)

1765(84.37)

 10 years and above

1663(80.85) ^f

1283(62.37) ^f

1622(78.85)

1762(85.66)

χ²

12.24

11.01

2.76

4.47

P

< 0.01

< 0.01

0.25

0.11