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Table 4 Effect of COVID-19 on healthcare costs measured by DiD-estimates (in €)

From: COVID-19-associated costs and mortality in Germany: an incidence-based analysis from a payer’s perspective

 

Effect of C19

in total

Effect of C19

PCS patients only

Effect of C19

excl. PCS patients

Total healthcare costs

  ≤ 19 years

 20–39 years

 40–59 years

  ≥ 60 years

1063

65

483

1422

2012

3242

655

2176

3309

5010

727

13

274

985

1604

Hospital costs

  ≤ 19 years

 20–39 years

 40–59 years

  ≥ 60 years

675

252

18

835

1884

1991

307

1020

2135

3538

471

235

-142

553

1656

Costs of outpatient med. care

  ≤ 19 years

 20–39 years

 40–59 years

  ≥ 60 years

135

129

153

125

131

286

336

304

223

357

112

112

136

99

100

Drug costs

  ≤ 19 years

 20–39 years

 40–59 years

  ≥ 60 years

134

4

346

54

63

6

-35

250

-162

222

155

8

351

103

44

Costs of sick pay

  ≤ 19 years

 20–39 years

 40–59 years

  ≥ 60 years

112

1

16

298

-65

707

40

350

993

123

21

1

-57

124

-88

Other healthcare costs

  ≤ 19 years

 20–39 years

 40–59 years

  ≥ 60 years

7

-321

17

111

-1

254

6

252

120

770

-32

341

-15

106

-108

  1. Abbreviations: C19 COVID-19, PCS Post-COVID-19 Syndrome