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Table 1 The themes, sub-themes and codes

From: The experiences and perceptions of people with chronic and rare diseases during political-economic sanctions in Iran: a qualitative study

Themes

Sub-themes

Codes

The direct effects of sanctions on health issues

Less affordability of healthcare services

• Ffluctuateing and sharp increase of healthcare services prices

• Increasing out-of-pocket payment for healthcare services

• Delay in reimbursement by health insurance

Limited availability and accessibility to medicine

• Difficulties in access to medicines

• Shortage of medicines

Low quality of medicines

• Replacing the high-quality medical products with lower quality

• Procurement of medicine from the black market with unreliable quality

The side effects of sanctions on non-health issues

Perceived devastation and Decreased social trust

• Frustration

• Instability

• Future uncertainty

• Distrust and disappointment (distrust to govrnment)

Life’s economic hardships

• Lower capacity to pay for essential living needs (including meal, medical expenditures, and other commodities)

Coping strategies in response to sanctions’ effects

Re-prioritizing individual and family needs

• Prioritising ones co-morbidities

• Prioritising health needs of several sick persons in a family

• Re-prioritising living needs vs. health/illness-management needs

Procrastination

• Ignoring illness symptoms

• Delaying illness treatment and management