Table 3 Work stressors associated with health professionals’ stress reactions
Acute care/rehabilitation hospitals | Psychiatric hospitals | Nursing homes | Home care organizations | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Outcome variable: behavioral stress symptoms | Marginal R2 = 0.41; Conditional R2 = 0.42 | Marginal R2 = 0.37, Conditional R2 = 0.37 | Marginal R2 = 0.46; Conditional R2 = 0.48 | Marginal R2 = 0.43; Conditional R2 = 0.45 | ||||||||
Beta (std.) | SE* | P* | Beta (std.) | SE* | P* | Beta (std.) | SE* | P* | Beta (std.) | SE* | P* | |
(Intercept) | 0.00 | 4.41 | 0.000 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.560 | 0.00 | 6.05 | 0.000 | 0.00 | 4.21 | 0.000 |
Age (years) | -0.05 | 0.04 | 0.026 | -0.11 | 0.03 | 0.000 | -0.05 | 0.04 | 0.028 | |||
Years of professional experience | -0.07 | 0.02 | 0.001 | |||||||||
Employees in administration and research | -0.04 | 3.42 | 0.072 | -0.03 | 6.43 | 0.124 | -0.04 | 3.32 | 0.064 | |||
Physicians | -0.04 | 0.02 | 0.049 | |||||||||
Nurse assistants without formal education | 0.10 | 1.49 | 0.000 | 0.10 | 1.44 | 0.000 | ||||||
Nurse assistants with a formal education | 0.12 | 0.99 | 0.000 | -0.04 | 1.07 | 0.056 | 0.12 | 1.05 | 0.000 | |||
Registered nurses | -0.03 | 0.02 | 0.124 | -0.03 | 1.22 | 0.180 | ||||||
Working hours per week | 0.08 | 0.02 | 0.000 | |||||||||
Gender | -0.06 | 0.02 | 0.007 | |||||||||
Emotional demands at work | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.078 | |||||||||
Physical demands at work | 0.08 | 0.02 | 0.000 | |||||||||
Quantitative demands at work | 0.13 | 0.03 | 0.000 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.129 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.086 | 0.13 | 0.03 | 0.000 |
Demands to hide emotions | 0.06 | 0.02 | 0.004 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.014 | 0.11 | 0.02 | 0.000 | 0.06 | 0.02 | 0.008 |
Meaning of work | -0.04 | 0.02 | 0.072 | -0.08 | 0.03 | 0.000 | ||||||
Opportunities for development | -0.05 | 0.03 | 0.038 | -0.05 | 0.03 | 0.033 | -0.05 | 0.03 | 0.022 | |||
Influence at work | -0.04 | 0.02 | 0.073 | |||||||||
Bond with the organization | -0.08 | 0.03 | 0.000 | -0.07 | 0.02 | 0.001 | -0.07 | 0.02 | 0.000 | -0.08 | 0.03 | 0.002 |
Quality of leadership | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.051 | |||||||||
Feedback | -0.05 | 0.02 | 0.025 | |||||||||
Social community at work | -0.09 | 0.03 | 0.000 | |||||||||
Role clarity | -0.05 | 0.02 | 0.015 | |||||||||
Social relations at work | -0.04 | 0.02 | 0.110 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.046 | -0.04 | 0.02 | 0.112 | |||
Unfair behavior | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.020 | |||||||||
Social support at work | -0.09 | 0.03 | 0.002 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.100 | -0.09 | 0.03 | 0.000 | |||
Predictability | -0.07 | 0.03 | 0.006 | |||||||||
Insecurity of the working environment | 0.06 | 0.02 | 0.038 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.076 | 0.06 | 0.02 | 0.030 | |||
Difficulties with demarcation | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.040 | |||||||||
Work–private life conflict | 0.46 | 0.03 | 0.000 | 0.45 | 0.02 | 0.000 | 0.45 | 0.03 | 0.000 | 0.46 | 0.03 | 0.000 |
Doing shift work | -0.08 | 0.02 | 0.001 | -0.04 | 1.21 | 0.070 | ||||||
Language region: German-speaking | -0.06 | 3.21 | 0.268 | |||||||||
Language region: French-speaking | -0.11 | 3.51 | 0.040 | |||||||||
Outcome variable: cognitive stress symptoms | Marginal R2 = 0.29; Conditional R2 = 0.29 | Marginal R2 = 0.25; Conditional R2 = 0.25 | Marginal R2 = 0.32; Conditional R2 = 0.35 | Marginal R2 = 0.30; Conditional R2 = 0.30 | ||||||||
Beta (std.) | SE* | P* | Beta (std.) | SE* | P* | Beta (std.) | SE* | P* | Beta (std.) | SE* | P* | |
(Intercept) | 0.00 | 2.65 | 0.000 | 0.00 | 4.22 | 0.000 | 0.00 | 6.06 | 0.000 | 0.00 | 5.04 | 0.000 |
Age (years) | -0.12 | 0.04 | 0.000 | |||||||||
Years of professional experience | -0.12 | 0.02 | 0.000 | -0.06 | 0.04 | 0.002 | ||||||
Still in training | 0.04 | 0.78 | 0.008 | 0.04 | 0.93 | 0.020 | ||||||
Employees in administration and research | 0.05 | 2.58 | 0.014 | -0.04 | 3.37 | 0.092 | ||||||
Physicians | -0.08 | 1.07 | 0.000 | -0.08 | 1.44 | 0.000 | ||||||
Nurse assistants without formal education | -0.03 | 2.57 | 0.016 | |||||||||
Nurse assistants with a formal education | 0.03 | 0.88 | 0.074 | |||||||||
Registered nurses | -0.05 | 0.87 | 0.044 | -0.04 | 1.06 | 0.062 | -0.07 | 0.90 | 0.004 | |||
Working hours per week | -0.04 | 0.02 | 0.092 | |||||||||
Gender | -0.08 | 0.68 | 0.000 | -0.05 | 0.84 | 0.008 | -0.04 | 1.93 | 0.116 | |||
Emotional demands at work | -0.04 | 0.02 | 0.002 | -0.03 | 0.03 | 0.134 | ||||||
Quantitative demands at work | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.056 | 0.06 | 0.03 | 0.036 | 0.09 | 0.03 | 0.000 | |||
Demands to hide emotions | 0.08 | 0.01 | 0.000 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.018 | 0.10 | 0.02 | 0.000 | |||
Meaning of work | -0.05 | 0.02 | 0.004 | -0.07 | 0.03 | 0.006 | -0.06 | 0.03 | 0.014 | -0.05 | 0.04 | 0.078 |
Influence at work | -0.05 | 0.03 | 0.056 | |||||||||
Scope for breaks/holidays | 0.06 | 0.02 | 0.004 | |||||||||
Bond with the organization | -0.05 | 0.02 | 0.000 | |||||||||
Feedback | -0.04 | 0.01 | 0.006 | |||||||||
Quality of leadership | 0.07 | 0.02 | 0.000 | 0.12 | 0.03 | 0.000 | ||||||
Social community at work | -0.04 | 0.03 | 0.068 | -0.04 | 0.03 | 0.106 | -0.06 | 0.04 | 0.046 | |||
Role clarity | -0.10 | 0.02 | 0.000 | -0.12 | 0.03 | 0.000 | -0.10 | 0.03 | 0.000 | -0.08 | 0.04 | 0.008 |
Role conflicts | 0.06 | 0.02 | 0.000 | 0.08 | 0.02 | 0.004 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.086 | |||
Social relations at work | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.026 | |||||||||
Unfair behavior | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.002 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.048 | ||||||
Social support at work | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.184 | -0.04 | 0.03 | 0.150 | ||||||
Predictability | -0.04 | 0.03 | 0.116 | |||||||||
Rewards | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.054 | -0.07 | 0.03 | 0.032 | ||||||
Insecurity of the working environment | 0.06 | 0.01 | 0.000 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.056 | ||||||
Difficulties with demarcation | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.132 | |||||||||
Work-private life conflict | 0.32 | 0.02 | 0.000 | 0.34 | 0.02 | 0.000 | 0.31 | 0.03 | 0.000 | 0.42 | 0.03 | 0.000 |
Demanding work environment | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.010 | 0.09 | 0.02 | 0.000 | 0.10 | 0.02 | 0.000 | |||
Middle-management position | 0.04 | 1.45 | 0.094 | |||||||||
Upper-management position | -0.03 | 2.44 | 0.160 | |||||||||
Doing shift work | -0.06 | 0.71 | 0.000 | |||||||||
Language region: German-speaking | -0.13 | 0.87 | 0.000 | -0.15 | 3.43 | 0.012 | ||||||
Language region: French-speaking | 0.09 | 2.97 | 0.000 | -0.06 | 3.70 | 0.258 | ||||||