Table 1 Main characteristics of the included studies (= 25)
From: Unfinished nursing care in healthcare settings during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review
Author(s) Year Country | Aim(s) & Study Design | Sample & Setting | Period of Data Collection & Tools | Quality Appraisala Y/N/U/NA |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Albsoul et al. [34] 2022 Jordan | To identify the perceptions of nurses for UNC and the reasons for UNC across three health-care sectors: public, private and university Cross-sectional survey | 672 questionnaires were completed by registered nurses working in medical and surgical wards 10 acute-care hospitals | March–July 2021 MISSCARE survey | 6/1/0/1 |
Alfuqaha et al. [35] 2022 Jordan | To compare perception of nurses about UNC for patients before and during the COVID-19; to examine how nurses differed in terms of the type of UNC and the factors that contributed to it before and during the COVID-19 pandemic Comparative cross-sectional study | 260 nurses Medical/ surgical wards and intensive care units of a tertiary hospital | From November 2019 to May 2020 MISSCARE survey – Arabic version | 6/0/1/1 |
Al Muharraq et al. [36] 2022 Saudi Arabia | To explore the dimensions of UNC and its predictors Cross-sectional study | 604 staff nurses Inpatient wards in the Jazan area (2 tertiary and 8 general hospitals) | June-September 2021 MISSCARE survey | 7/0/0/1 |
Cengia et al. [37] 2021 Italy | To compare the occurrence and the reasons for UNC among COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients as perceived by nurses Comparative cross-sectional study | 479 registered nurses 22 units (15 COVID-19 and 7 non-COVID-19 units) caring for medical, geriatric, medical-surgical, and orthopaedic patients | November 2020–January 2021 The Unfinished Nursing Care Survey | 5/2/0/1 |
Falk et al. [38] 2022 Sweden | To describe and evaluate reported UNC in the critical care context before and during different phases of the COVID-19 pandemic Comparative cross-sectional study | 134 nurses Critical care units at a university hospital | First period: October 2019 Second period: November 2020 Third period: May 2021 MISSCARE survey – Swedish version | 6/0/1/1 |
Gurková et al. [25] 2021 Czech Republic | To examine the differences in reasons for UNC according to the type of hospitals and wards; to determine the relationship between the reasons for UNC and job satisfaction Cross-sectional correlational study | 371 nurses 4 hospitals: 1 university and 3 regional hospitals (internal medicine and surgical areas in a region) | May–September 2020 MISSCARE survey – Czech version | 7/0/0/1 |
Gurková et al. [39] 2022 Czech Republic | To examine the frequencies, type of UNC, and the associations between nurses’ reported nurse work environment and UNC variables during the COVID-19 pandemic at inpatient medical and surgical wards Observational cross-sectional study | 371 nurses 30 inpatient wards of four acute care hospitals | April–September 2020 MISSCARE survey | 6/1/0/1 |
Hackman et al. [40] 2023 Finland | To describe UNC activities in nursing homes Descriptive cross-sectional study | 2700 care workers 69 nursing homes representing four public organizations | January–May 2021 BERNCA-NH | 6/0/1/1 |
Hosseini et al. [41] 2022 Iran | To investigate UNC and its reasons during the COVID-19 pandemic Cross-sectional study | 135 nurses COVID-19 units at educational hospitals | Summer 2020 MISSCARE survey – Persian version | 5/0/2/1 |
Jarosz et al. [42] 2022 Poland | To assess the level of rationing care, fatigue, job satisfaction and occupational burnout and the relationship between them Cross-sectional study | 130 nurses Urology departments at a hospital | March–May 2021 PIRNCA | 6/0/1/1 |
Jarosz & Mlynarska [43] 2023 Poland | To assess the impact of place of residence, forms of postgraduate education, work system, number of patients per one nurse on duty, satisfaction with the financial situation, number of diseases the nurse suffers from on the rationing of nursing care in urology wards Cross-sectional study | 130 nurses Urology departments at a hospital | March–May 2021 PIRNCA | 6/0/1/1 |
Khrais et al. [44] 2022 Jordan | To examine the relationship between UNC and perceived organizational support, accountability and nurses’ characteristics under the impact of COVID-19 Cross-sectional study | 536 nurses Three public hospitals, three private hospitals and the two teaching hospitals | March–May 2021 MISSCARE survey | 7/0/0/1 |
Labrague et al. [45] 2022 Sultanate of Oman | To examine UNC, overall quality of nursing care, and factors that may influence nurses’ intent to omit or complete required nursing tasks during the pandemic Cross-sectional study | 295 clinical frontline nurses 14 hospitals (seven government and seven private hospitals) | November–December 2020 MISSCARE survey | 7/0/0/1 |
Maghsoud et al. [46] 2022 Iran | To investigate the mediating role of implicit rationing of nursing care, job satisfaction and emotional exhaustion in the relationship between workload and quality of nursing care Cross-sectional study | 311 nurses 4 different hospitals | October–December 2020 BERNCA | 6/0/1/1 |
Mingude et al. [47] 2022 Ethiopia | To assess the magnitude, reason and associated factors of UNC Cross-sectional study | 315 nurses Medical, paediatric, surgical and gynaecology wards in 7 hospitals | April 2021 MISSCARE survey | 7/0/0/1 |
Nymark et al. [48] 2021 Sweden | To evaluate UNC and patient safety during the outbreak and first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic at the in-patient wards at the cardiology department Cross-sectional study with a comparative approach | 43 registered nurses and nursing assistants Cardiology department (two highly specialized medical wards and two intensive coronary care units) | May–June 2020 MISSCARE survey – Swedish version | 5/0/2/1 |
Rahmani et al. [49] 2021 Iran | To evaluate UNC and its relationship with nurses’ patient safety attitudes at hospitals Observational correlational study | 351 nurses 9 Tabriz University of Medical Sciences hospitals | 2021 MISSCARE survey – Persian version | 7/0/0/1 |
Schneider-Matyka et al. [50] 2023 Poland | To assess the effect of stress on rationing of nursing care Observational cross-sectional study | 800 nurses, 567 of whom participated Primary health-care facility; county hospital; teaching hospital; regional hospital | From September 2020 to December 2021 PIRNCA | 6/0/1/1 |
Tomaszewska et al. [51] 2021 Poland | To assess the rationing of the level of nursing care among nurses employed at a district hospital Cross-sectional study | 295 nurses District hospital | September–December 2020 BERNCA-R – Polish version | 5/0/2/1 |
Uchmanowicz et al. [52] 2021 Poland | To assess the relationship between the rationing of nursing care and professional burnout in nursing staff Cross-sectional design | 219 cardiac nurses Non-invasive cardiology wards of four hospitals in Wroclaw | January–May 2020 BERNCA-R – Polish version | 6/0/1/1 |
Vincelette et al. [53] 2022 Canada | To describe the characteristics of omitted nursing care in ICU; to examine the relationship between work environment features, omitted nursing care and nurse-reported outcomes in the ICU Cross-sectional correlational study | 2107 ICU nurses from Quebec’s Board of Nurses, 564 ICU nurses participated ICU units | Over September 2021 The ICU-ONC | 7/0/0/1 |
von Vogelsan et al. [54] 2021 Sweden | To determine frequencies, types of and reasons for UNC during the COVID- 19 pandemic at inpatient wards Comparative cross-sectional study | 130 registered nurses and nursing assistants in pandemic (COVID-19 sample) 157 registered nurses and nursing assistants in pre-pandemic (reference sample) A highly specialized university hospital in medical/surgical departments | May–June 2020 (COVID-19 sample) October 2019 (reference sample) MISSCARE survey – Swedish version | 6/0/1/1 |
Xie et al. [55] 2023 China | To examine the effect of role overload, work addiction and leader–member exchange on UNC Cross-sectional study | 420 RNs, 403 of whom participated One general tertiary hospital from five cities in five regions, randomly selected | March–May 2022 MISSCARE survey | 7/0/0/1 |
Yuwanto et al. [56] 2023 Indonesia | To assess the Indonesian version of the PIRNCA instrument to psychometric properties Descriptive cross-sectional study | 214 RNs working in inpatient units, 167 of whom participated Two government hospitals | May 2021 PIRNCA | 5/1/1/1 |
Zhang et al. [22] 2021 China | To provide initial evidence on implicit rationing of nursing care in publicly funded nursing homes in Shanghai with a particular focus on the association between care workers’ training needs and implicit care rationing Cross-sectional study | 374 care workers Publicly funded nursing homes in Shanghai | September–November 2020 BERNCA-NH | 7/0/0/1 |