Developing a capacity-building intervention for healthcare workers to improve communication skills and awareness of hard of hearing and D/deaf patients: results from a participatory action research study

Table 1 Summary of measures by action research phase

Components	Tool	Participants	Timing of Assessment
Phase 1: Problem Identification
Needs analysis	Qualitative assessment (one-on-one semi-structured interviews)	Healthcare staff D/deaf and hard of hearing individuals	Beginning of Phase 1
Needs analysis		Healthcare staff D/deaf and hard of hearing individuals	Beginning of Phase 1
Phase 2: Action Planning No measure
Phases 3 and 4: Action implementation and Evaluation
Intervention Testing: Round 1
Participants’ reactions: perception of intervention’s content, quality and appropriateness, overall satisfaction	Adapted IMTEE questionnaire¹ Qualitative assessment	Healthcare staff receiving intervention 1	After intervention 1
Intervention Testing: Round 2
Participants’ reactions: perception of intervention’s content, quality and appropriateness, overall satisfaction	Adapted IMTEE questionnaire¹ Qualitative assessment (semi-structured interviews)	Healthcare staff receiving intervention 2	T1⁴ T1
Changes in participants: perception of self-efficacy	Adapted IMTEE questionnaire² Qualitative assessment		T0, T1, T2⁴ T1
Organizational payoffs: frequency of use	Adapted IMTEE questionnaire³ Qualitative assessment		T0, T1, T2⁴ T1

Note.
¹Participants were asked to rate their satisfaction regarding the intervention and to evaluate its content, quality, and appropriateness using a 5-point Likert scale, ranging from 1 (not satisfied at all/improvement needed) to 5 (completely satisfied/very good)
²Participants were asked to indicate the extent to which they agree with items using a 5-point Likert-scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 6 (strongly agree)
³Regarding frequency of use, participants will be asked to indicate how often over the past 6 months they applied specific strategies, using a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (never) to 5 (most of the time)
⁴T0=before second round of intervention testing 2; T1 = just after second round of intervention testing 2; T2 = 6 months after second round of intervention testing

ISSN: 1472-6963