Table 5 Codes and frequency, as well as short descriptions of criteria for identifying PAH
No. | Codes | Description | Frequency |
|---|---|---|---|
(a) The more frequent codes | |||
 1. | Risk of harm | Risk of inflicting harm to the practice and patient/client | 62 |
 2. | Set of competency & skills | Possessing the relevant competency and skill for healthcare system | 46 |
 3. | Formal Qualification | Highest relevant tertiary education attained by the practitioners (that are recognised or at least equivalent to the recognised ones in Malaysia) | 40 |
 4. | Defined scope of practice | The full spectrum of roles, functions, responsibilities, activities, and decision-making capacity that individuals within that profession are educated, competent, and authorized to perform | 37 |
 5. | Relevant training | A practitioner has undergone formalised and structured training modules as the requirement for attaining an academic qualification and fulfilling the professional requirement for certification | 36 |
 6. | Healthcare team | Practitioners that are involved as part of multi-disciplinary healthcare services. | 18 |
(b) The least frequent codes | |||
 1. | Related to people’s health | Direct/indirectly involved with people’s health such as preventive, promotion, rehab, therapy, palliative | 8 |
 2. | Autonomy in practice | Issues related to working independently | 7 |
 3. | Continuous professional development | Having specific professional development requirement | 7 |
4. | Availability of code of conduct/ethics | Whether a profession or organisation has set of code of conduct/ethics in place | 7 |
 5. | Health-practicing certificate | Possessing valid Practicing Certificate | 7 |
 6. | Professional organisation / association | Qualified to register with specific organisation/association | 5 |
 7. | Career Pathway | A profession should have a career pathway from beginning till the end | 4 |
 8. | Rate of charges | The number of charges/fees set for their services | 2 |
 9. | Availability of a profession | Whether the profession is available across sectors or only within certain settings. | 2 |
 10. | International benchmarking | Comparison to what is happening oversea/worldwide | 1 |