Daly/Cost comparison in the management of peripheral arterial disease at 17 Belgian hospitals

Rondelet, Benoît; Dehanne, Fabian; Van Den Bulcke, Julie; Martins, Dimitri; Belhaj, Asmae; Libert, Benoît; Leclercq, Pol; Pirson, Magali

doi:10.1186/s12913-023-10535-2

BMC Health Services Research

Table 4 Description of the study population

From: Daly/Cost comparison in the management of peripheral arterial disease at 17 Belgian hospitals

Dimensions	n	%	DALYs			Cost (€)
Dimensions	n	%	Mean	SD	p	Mean	SD	p
Hospital Stays	2,437	100.0	0.23	1.79		8,673	10,893
HCUP code
Atherosclerosis	2,097	86.0	0.13	1.34	0.000 *	7,713	9,032	0.000 *
Graft/prosthetic complications	107	4.4	0.21	1.51		10,417	14,247
Gangrene	233	9.6	1.10	3.92		16,693	18,118
Gender
Male	1,630	66.9	0.24	1.78	0.900 **	8,646	10,700	0.938 **
Female	807	33.1	0.20	1.80	0.900 **	8,780	11,104	0.938 **
Age category
1 - (25-49)	94	3.9	0.01	0.01	0.157 *	8,517	6,909	0.271 *
2 - (50-59)	430	59.3	0.08	1.60		8,409	11,329
3 - (60-69)	819	29.9	0.29	2.24		8,537	11,314
4 - (70-79)	684	7.4	0.19	1.50		8,568	9,805
5 - (80-99)	410	1.8	0.40	1.57		9,537	11,665
Severity
1 – Minor	975	40.0	0.00	0.00	0.000 *	5,782	5,380	0.000 *
2 - Moderate	1,073	44.0	0.11	1.15		8,023	7,043
3 - Major	292	12.0	0.46	2.20		15,276	15,072
4 - Extreme	60	2.5	4.98	7.70		35,155	35,359
Mortality
1 – Minor	1,446	59.3	0.01	0.44	0.000 *	6,476	6,313	0.000 *
2 - Moderate	728	29.9	0.14	1.23		9,732	9,622
3 – Major	181	7.4	0.94	3.54		14,984	16,504
4 - Extreme	45	1.8	5.89	7.55		36,773	36,984
Charlson index
1	583	24.0	0.45	0.76	0.000 *	6,131	8,124	0.000 *
2	767	31.0	0.16	1.48		7,730	8,306
3	495	20.0	0.27	1.96		9,652	12,007
4	265	11.0	0.26	1.30		10,112	10,670
5	317	13.0	0.63	3.22		13,113	13,000
Admission type
Planned	2,211	90.7	0.15	1.41	0.000 *	7,900	9,649	0.000 *
Emergency via ED	206	8.5	1.09	3.96		16,621	17,251
Emergency without ED	20	0.8	0.17	0.72		14,461	14,735
Patient origin
Residence	2,371	59.3	0.22	1.79	0.259 *	8,541	10,499	0.019 *
Other hospital	27	29.9	0.69	2.53		14,257	17,445
Care home	33	7.4	0.34	1.10		11,825	11,097
Public place	6	1.8	0.01	0.01		25,393	44,545
Patient addressing
Own initiative	87	3.6	1.17	4.57	0.000 *	14,345	16,415	0.000 *
General practitioner	89	3.7	0.85	3.24		17,061	15,295
Consultant	2,232	91.6	0.17	1.48		8,081	10,136
Third	29	1.2	0.14	0.70		12,987	9,557
Destination
Residence	2,270	93.1	0.00	0.01	0.000 *	7,992	9,268	0.000 *
Other hospital	43	1.8	0.02	0.06		22,500	29,208
Care home	70	2.9	0.01	0.04		13,628	13,250
Deceased	52	2.1	10.53	6.46		20,112	21,082
Others	2	0.1	0.00	0.00		35,221	34,718
Care type
Medical	339	13.9	0.42	2.27	0.007 **	7,689	10,312	0.000 **
Surgery	2,098	86.1	0.20	1.69	0.007 **	8,852	10,909	0.000 **
Intensive care unit
No	2,225	91.3	0.12	1.15	0.000 **	7,440	7,790	0.000 **
Yes	212	8.7	1.37	4.63	0.000 **	21,818	22,927	0.000 **
Geriatric care unit
No	2,383	97.8	0.21	1.75	0.083 **	8,571	8,691	0.000 **
Yes	54	2.2	1.15	2.69	0.083 **	2,383	2,437	0.000 **
Inpatient geriatric liaison
No	2,346	96.3	0.21	1.77	0.004 **	8,502	10,744	0.000 **
Yes	91	3.7	0.61	2.13	0.004 **	13,551	12,008	0.000 **
Readmission <30 days
0	2,084	85.5	0.27	1.93	0.000 *	7,257	8,409	0.000 *
1	328	13.5	0.01	0.02		17,641	17,973
2	25	1.0	0.01	0.00		10,748	9,814
Outcome Complications	582	23.9	0.96	3.56	0.000 **	14,075	16,802	0.000 **
Pressure ulcer (III or IV)
No	2,433	99.8	0.23	1.79	0.000 **	8,610	10,222	0.006 **
Yes	4	0.2	0.32	0.05	0.000 **	57,906	85,813	0.006 **
Iatrogenic pneumothorax
No	2,437	100.0	0.23	1.79	NA	8,691	10,834	NA
Yes	0	0.0	0.00	0.00	NA	0	0	NA
Catheter infection
No	2,372	97.3	0.19	1.67	0.000 **	8,123	8,783	0.000 **
Yes	65	2.7	1.66	4.05	0.000 **	29,401	34,089	0.000 **
Perioperative haemorrhage or haematoma
No	1,955	80.2	0.17	1.52	0.000 **	7,526	8,772	0.000 **
Yes	482	19.8	0.47	2.59	0.000 **	13,414	15,935	0.000 **
Postoperative physiologic and metabolic derangement
No	2,375	97.5	0.16	1.38	0.000 **	8,222	9,125	0.000 **
Yes	62	2.5	2.95	6.77	0.000 **	26,646	33,320	0.000 **
Postoperative respiratory failure
No	2,417	99.2	0.15	1.31	0.000 **	8,339	9,463	0.000 **
Yes	20	0.8	10.38	9.00	0.000 **	51,199	41,742	0.000 **
Perioperative pulmonary embolism or deep venous thrombosis
No	2,433	99.8	0.22	1.76	0.000 **	8,667	10,809	0.024 **
Yes	4	0.2	4.17	8.16	0.000 **	23,272	17,311	0.024 **
Sepsis
No	2,424	99.5	0.21	1.71	0.000 **	8,504	10,081	0.000 **
Yes	13	0.5	3.93	6.32	0.000 **	43,499	44,548	0.000 **
Transfusion reaction
No	2,437	100.0	0.23	1.79	NA	8,691	10,834	NA
Yes	0	0.0	0.00	0.00	NA	0	0	NA
Death
No	2,385	97.9	0.00	0.02	0.000 **	8,442	10,369	0.000 **
Yes	52	2.1	10.53	6.46	0.000 **	20,112	21,082	0.000 **

HCUP Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, ED Emergency department, DALYs Disability-Adjusted Life Years, DS Deviation standard
* Kruskal‒Wallis test
** Mann‒Whitney test

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