Table 2 Characteristics of validation studies in the review and summary of results
From: Key factors affecting health promoting behaviors among adolescents: a scoping review
Author/ Year | Country | Study design | Participation | Sample size | Quality appraisal | Affecting Factors |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Armitage (2013) [28] | Romania | Randomized Exploratory | High school students 13–19 year old | 238 | High | Self-incentive (reward), economic incentives |
Callaghan, (2006) [29] | US | Descriptive and inferential | Adolescents aged 14 to 19 | 256 | High | Support system, Adequate income, Gender, Adequate living conditions, Church attendance, Medical problems/disabilities, Hope, Self –concept, Self-esteem |
Callaghan (2005) [30] | US | Descriptive multivariate | Adolescents aged 14 to 19 | 256 | High | Responsibility, initiative |
Chen et al., (2005) [31] | Taiwan and US | Cross-sectional Descriptive | Adolescents aged 12–15 years | 550 | High | School health promotion programs, National health insurance, Parental socioeconomic status, Cultural factors |
Ergun et al., (2011) [1] | Turkey | Quasi-experimental | Sixth-grade students | 58 | High | Individualized education, Setting and Environment, Positive communication between adolescents and their mothers, Mothers’ knowledge level |
Haddad et al., (2009) [32] | Jordan | Cross-sectional | Students 12–17 year old | 530 | High | Ease of access, Media messages, Commercials, School-based health promotion |
Jessor, et al., (1998) [33] | US | Longitudinal | 7th-, 8th-, and 9th-grade adolescents | 1,493 | High | Proximal protective factors (Value on health, Perceived effects of health-compromising behavior, Parents who model health behavior, Positive relationships With adults) and Distal protective factors(A commitment to school, Having friends who take part in conventional activities like youth groups and community volunteer work, Involvement in prosocial activities, and Church attendance, Religiosity) |
McCaleb et al., (2000) [34] | US | Descriptive and inferential | 15- and 16-year-old adolescents | 425 | Medium | Sociocultural characteristics, Church attendance, Health education programs |
Melnyk et al., (2009) [35] | US | A Randomized Controlled Pilot | Hispanic adolescents, ages 14–16 years | 19 | High | COPE (Creating Opportunities for Personal Empowerment) |
Canty-Mitchell (1993) [36] | US | Descriptive correlational | Adolescents from 13 to 19 years of age | 202 | High | Hope and type of school |
Uzuncakmak, et al., (2017) [37] | Turkey | Quasi-experimental | Adolescents 13 years of age | 30 | High | Education, Parents’ attitude, Mothers’ and fathers’ education level parents’ age group, Family democratic approach |
Bakouei et al., (2018) [38] | Iran | Cross-sectional | College Students | 350 | Medium | Self-efficacy, Gender, Family size, Living in dormitory |
Almutair et al., (2018) [39] | Saudi Arabia | Descriptive cross-sectional | University students | 1,656 | Medium | Family structure, Gender, Type of college, Year in school |
Gillis (1994) [40] | Canada | Descriptive correlational | Female adolescents and their parents | 184 | High | Perceived self-efficacy, Perceived health status, Ethnicity |
Molaifard et al., (2020) [41] | Iran | Cross-sectional | High school students | 400 | Medium | Motivation skills constructs, Behavioral skill construct |
Rice et al., (2019) [42] | US | Descriptive cross-sectional | Adolescents from 12 to 17 years of age | 1,859 | High | Perceived peer norms |
Lee et al., (2019) [43] | Hong Kong | Retrospective correlation | Primary 4 (aged 9 to 10 years) and Secondary 3 (aged 14 to 15 years) students | 54 | High | Action competencies, Community link, Physical environment, Social environment, Healthy school policies, Services of school health protection |
Haidar et al., (2019) [44] | US | Cross-sectional | High school students (8th and 11th grade students) | 6,716 | High | Parental physical activity support, Peer physical activity support, Parental social support, Peer social support, Gender |
Xiao et al., (2019) [45] | US | Cross-sectional | Adolescents from 12 to 18 years of age | 14,506 | High | Physically activity, Computer use, Intake of fruits/vegetables in diet |
Ozturk et al., (2020) [46] | Turkey | Cross sectional and correlational | Secondary school students (6th, 7th and 8th grade students) | 2,498 | High | Income level, Father education level, Mother education level, Grade |