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Table 2 Working time used for medication management in minutes analyzed with two sample t-test (Bonferroni corrected p-values)

From: Effect of robot for medication management on home care professionals’ use of working time in older people’s home care: a non-randomized controlled clinical trial

Variable

Baseline (5 days)

1-month (5 days)

2-month (5 days)

IG (n = 64)

meana

(SD)

CG (n = 46)

meana

(SD)

p-value

IG (n = 64)

meana

(SD)

CG (n = 46)

meana

(SD)

p-value

IG (n = 64)

meana

(SD)

CG (n = 46)

meana

(SD)

p-value

Total time for medication management

6.49 (2.7)

5.15 (3.1)

< 0.003

16.37 (5.73)

4.48 (2.92)

< 0.003

16.74 (4.36)

5.13 (3.32)

< 0.003

Ordering medications

0.03 (0.43)

0.4 (1.73)

< 0.003

0.05 (0.52)

0.23 (1.20)

0.039

0

0.60 (2.09)

< 0.003

Dispensing medications into the robot

0

0

 

8.43 (5.74)

0

< 0.003

10.77 (2.95)

0

< 0.003

Dispensing medications to the dosette

1.60 (1.46)

0.68 (1.61)

< 0.003

0

0.50 (1.68)

< 0.003

0

0.49 (1.68)

< 0.003

Reconstitution medications

0.63 (0.84)

0.32 (0.47)

< 0.003

0

0.09 (0.29)

< 0.003

0

0.09 (0.28)

< 0.003

Administrating medications (Tablet)

2.59 (1.14)

2.09 (1.18)

< 0.003

0

2.46 (1.37)

< 0.003

0

2.38 (1.46)

< 0.003

Administrating medications using other routes

0.43 (0.81)

0.83 (0.99)

< 0.003

0

0.64 (1.10)

< 0.003

0

0.66 (1.14)

< 0.003

Monitoring medications’ effects

0.39 (0.81)

0

< 0.003

0

0.0 (0.077)

1.00

0.18 (0.58)

0

< 0.003

Medication education

0.82 (1.21)

0.80 (1.54)

1.00

7.88 (3.09)

0.56 (1.23)

< 0.003

5.79 (2.54)

0.91 (1.58)

< 0.003

  1. aFive-day mean in minutes per client
  2. IG: Intervention Group; CG: Control Group; SD: Standard Deviation