Table 2 Baseline characteristics of participants in the face-to-face cohort, digital-only cohort and digital-choice cohort
| Â | Face-to-face (n=65051) | Digital pilot | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Digital-only (n=1776) | Digital-choice (n=1412) | ||||
p from comparison with face-to-face* | p from comparison with face-to-face* | ||||
Sex | <0.001 | ||||
 Male, n(%) | 29696 (45.7%) | 835 (47.1%) | 0.251 | 714 (50.7%) | |
 Female, n(%) | 35221 (54.3%) | 937 (52.9%) |  | 695 (49.3%) | |
 Missing, n | 134 | 4 |  | 3 | |
Age at referral | <0.001 | ||||
 Mean (SD) | 65.06 (11.78) | 58.08 (12.22) | <0.001 | 57.89 (12.46) | |
 Median (IQR) | 67 (58 – 73) | 59 (50 – 68) |  | 59 (50 – 67) | |
 Missing, n | 0 | 2 |  | 0 | |
Ethnicity†| <0.001 | ||||
 White, n(%) | 47094 (79.4%) | 1280 (75.1%) | <0.001 | 1016 (82.2%) | |
 Mixed, n(%) | 1100 (1.9%) | 28 (1.6%) |  | 35 (2.8%) | |
 Asian, n(%) | 6750 (11.4%) | 285 (16.7%) |  | 126 (10.2%) | |
 Black, n(%) | 3439 (5.8%) | 109 (6.4%) |  | 51 (4.1%) | |
 Other, n(%) | 962 (1.6%) | 3 (0.2%) |  | 8 (0.7%) | |
 Missing, N | 5706 | 71 |  | 176 | |
IMD Quintilea | <0.001 | ||||
 1 (Most deprived), n(%) | 10987 (16.9%) | 261 (14.7%) | <0.001 | 437 (31.0%) | |
 2, n(%) | 11491 (17.7%) | 423 (23.8%) |  | 212 (15.0%) | |
 3, n(%) | 12607 (19.4%) | 509 (28.7%) |  | 190 (13.5%) | |
 4, n(%) | 13782 (21.2%) | 364 (20.5%) |  | 264 (18.7%) | |
 5 (Least deprived), n(%) | 16059 (24.7%) | 217 (12.2%) |  | 308 (21.8%) | |
 Missing, n | 125 | 2 |  | 1 | |
Weight in kg at baseline | <0.001 | ||||
 Mean (SD) | 84.15 (18.75) | 88.30 (20.00) | <0.001 | 88.01 (20.2) | |
 Median (IQR) | 82.0 (71.0 – 94.8) | 86.0 (74.0 – 100.0) |  | 86.0 (74.0 – 99.1) | |
 Missing, n | 3185 | 5 |  | 5 | |
BMI at baselineb | <0.001c | ||||
 Mean (SD) | 30.32 (5.95) | 31.33 (6.25) | <0.001c | 30.89 (6.52) | |
 Median (IQR) | 29.4 (26.2 – 33.4) | 30.2 (26.8 – 34.8) |  | 29.6 (26.5, 33.9) | |
 Missing, n | 3933 | 7 |  | 5 | |
 Normal weight, n(%) | 10389 (17.0%) | 219 (12.4%) |  | 198 (14.1%) | |
 Overweight, n(%) | 22715 (37.2%) | 630 (35.6%) |  | 540 (38.4%) | |
 Obese, n(%) | 23968 (39.2%) | 753 (42.6%) |  | 545 (38.7%) | |
 Severely obese, n(%) | 4046 (6.6%) | 167 (9.4%) |  | 124 (8.8%) | |
HbA1c at baseline in mmol/mold | <0.001c | ||||
 Mean (SD) | 40.8 (4.10) | 43.9 (1.96) | <0.001c | 43.2 (2.2) | |
 Median (IQR) | 41 (38 – 43) | 44 (43 – 45) |  | 43 (42 – 45) | |
 Missing, n | 31364 | 6 |  | 0 | |
 Normal range, n(%) | 18618 (55.3%) | 47 (2.7%) |  | 100 (7.1%) | |
 NDHe, n(%) | 14012 (41.6%) | 1696 (95.8%) |  | 1308 (92.6%) | |
 T2DMf, n(%) | 1057 (3.1%) | 27 (1.5%) |  | 4 (0.3%) | |
HbA1c at baseline in %d | <0.001 | ||||
 Mean (SD) | 5.8 (0.38) | 6.2 (0.18) | <0.001 | 6.1 (0.20) | |
 Median (IQR) | 5.9 (5.6 – 6.1) | 6.2 (6.1 – 6.3) |  | 6.1 (6.0 – 6.3) | |
 Missing, n | 31364 | 6 |  | 0 | |
Provider – face to face | |||||
 DPP Provider Ag, n(%) | 20928 (32.2%) | n/a | n/a | n/a | n/a |
 DPP Provider B, n(%) | 24546 (37.7%) |  |  |  | |
 DPP Provider C, n(%) | 6855 (10.5%) |  |  |  | |
 DPP Provider D, n(%) | 12722 (19.6%) |  |  |  | |
Provider – digital | n/a | 383 (21.6%) | n/a | 0 | n/a |
 DDPP Provider Eh, n(%) |  | 0 |  | 930 (65.9%) | |
 DDPP Provider F, n(%) |  | 808 (45.5%) |  | 0 | |
 DDPP Provider G, n(%) |  | 88 (5.0%) |  | 282 (20.0%) | |
 DDPP Provider H, n(%) |  | 497 (28.0%) |  | 200 (14.2%) | |
 DDPP Provider I, n(%) |  |  |  |  | |