Cancer screening programs in South-east Asia and Western Pacific

Wee, Hwee-Lin; Canfell, Karen; Chiu, Han-Mo; Choi, Kui Son; Cox, Brian; Bhoo-Pathy, Nirmala; Simms, Kate T; Hamashima, Chisato; Shen, Qianyu; Chua, Brandon; Siwaporn, Niyomsri; Toes-Zoutendijk, Esther

doi:10.1186/s12913-023-10327-8

BMC Health Services Research

Table 2 Checklist of 16 essential criteria for organized cancer screening programs for countries or regions with (partly) organized programs

From: Cancer screening programs in South-east Asia and Western Pacific

Country	South Korea	Thailand	Australia	Japan	New Zealand	Singapore	Taiwan	Malaysia
Representative	Choi	Siwaporn	Canfell, Simms	Hamashima	Cox	Wee	Chiu	Bhoo-Pathy
Essential criteria by Zhang et al. (2022)
1. Cancer screening program has a protocol/guideline describing at least the target population, screening intervals, screening tests, referral pathway, management of positive cases	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
2. There is a system in place for identifying the target population	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No
3. There is a system in place for inviting eligible individuals for screening	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	No
4. Cancer screening program has a policy framework from the health authorities defining governance structure, financing, goals and objectives of the program	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
5. Performance of screening program should be evaluated with appropriate indicators	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
6. The protocol/guideline should at least describe: monitoring and evaluation	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
7. There is a system in place for notifying the results and informing about follow up	Yes	Yes	Yes	Partially	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
8. There is a system in place for sending recall notice to the non-compliant individuals	Yes	No	Yes	Partially	Yes	Partially	Sometimes	No
9. Auditing of the program	Yes	No	Yes	No	No	Yes	Yes	Yes
10. A specified team/organization is responsible for quality assurance/ improvement	Yes	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
11. Performance of cancer screening program is evaluated, published and widely disseminated on a regular basis	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	Partially	Yes	Yes
12. All activities along the screening pathway are planned, coordinated and evaluated through a quality improvement framework (quality assurance)	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes
13. An evidence-based protocol/guideline developed in consensus with majority of stakeholders	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes
14. An information system exists with appropriate linkages (between population databases, screening information, cancer registry, etc.) for screening implementation and evaluation	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	No
15. The screening program has a provision of continued training for service providers	Yes	No	Yes	Partially	No	Yes	Yes	Yes
16. Performance of screening program should be evaluated with reference standards for the indicators	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No	Yes	Yes	No

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