Table 1 Demographic and Disease Characteristic variables for people living with cancer by emergency admission rates in the last year, and last 28 days, of life¹

Sex

Male (N = 2306)

75.5% ↑

39.2% ↑

Female (N = 1953)

72.2% ↓

33.4% ↓

All people (N = 4259)

74.0%

36.5%

Test result²

Strength of association (SOA):

Interpretation of SOA:

Χ² (1, N = 4,259) = 5.83

p = .016

Φ= 0.037

Very weak

X² (1, N = 4259) = 15.44.

p < .001

Φ = 0.060

Very weak

Age at time of death (in years)

0 to 39 (N = 66)

75.8%

37.9%

40 to 49 (N = 146)

81.5%

43.8%

50 to 59 (N = 370)

83.5% ↑

42.2% ↑

60 to 69 (N = 911)

79.9% ↑

42.7% ↑

70 to 79 (N = 1302)

74.4%

34.3% ↓

80 to 89 (N = 1149)

68.8% ↓

33.6% ↓

90 and over (N = 315)

58.4% ↓

28.3% ↓

Test result:

Strength of association (SOA):

Interpretation of SOA:

Χ² (6, N = 4,259) = 94.03. p < .001

Φc = 0.149

Weak

Χ² (6, N = 4,259) = 39.72. p < .001

Φc = 0.097

Very weak

Deprivation based on postcode of residence at time of diagnosis.

Quintile 1 least deprived (N = 822)

72.9%

33.9%

Quintile 2 (N = 869)

74.5%

36.1%

Quintile 3 (N = 812)

75.0%

38.4%

Quintile 4 (N = 824)

73.3%

37.1%

Quintile 5 most deprived (N = 923)

74.3%

37.1%

Unknown (N = 9)

55.6%

33.3%

Test result:

X² (4, N = 4250) = 1.31. p = .858

X² (4, N = 4250) = 3.93.

p = .416

Location in which person lived (at diagnosis)

Urban (N = 2857)

74.8%

37.6% ↑

Rural (N = 1393)

72.3%

34.4% ↓

Unknown (N = 9)

55.6%

33.3%

Test result:

Strength of association (SOA):

Interpretation of SOA:

Χ² (1, N = 4,250) = 3.149

p = .094

n/a

n/a

X² (1, N = 4250) = 4.15.

p = .042

Φ = 0.031

Very weak

Most recent tumour site

Brain & CNS (N = 104)

79.8%

28.8%

Breast (N = 277)

70.0%

33.2%

Colorectal & Anus (N = 492)

74.0%

32.3% ↓

Haematological (N = 367)

80.4% ↑

42.0% ↑

Head & Neck (N = 137)

64.3% ↓

28.5% ↓

Lung & Mesothelioma (N = 1051)

78.1%↑

42.8% ↑

Other digestive (N = 791)

75.6%

38.9%

Urinary (N = 234)

73.5%

37.2%

Prostate (N = 254)

74.4%

35.0%

Unknown primary (N = 162)

64.2% ↓

31.5%

Other (N = 390)

62.1% ↓

24.9% ↓

Test result:

Strength of association (SOA):

Interpretation of SOA:

Χ² (10, N = 4,259) = 65.97. p < .001

Φc = 0.124

Weak

Χ² (10, N = 4,259) = 61.06. p < .001

Φc = 0.120

Weak

Variables

Categories (N for cohort)

% of cohort with an emergency admission in the last year of life

% of cohort with an emergency admission in last 28 days of life

Stage at Diagnosis

Stage I (N = 236)

67.4% ↓

31.8%

Stage II (N = 370)

70.5%

31.9%

Stage III (N = 701)

77.5% ↑

36.5%

Stage IV (N = 1508)

79.7% ↑

40.8% ↑

Unknown (N = 1444)

68.2% ↓

34.1% ↓

Test result:

Strength of association (SOA):

Interpretation of SOA:

Χ² (4, N = 4,259) = 62.66. p < .001

Φc = 0.121

Weak

Χ² (4, N = 4,259) = 21.25. p < .001

Φc = 0.071

Very weak

Time from Diagnosis of most recent cancer to Death

0 to 28 days (N = 538)

71.6%

61.0% ↑

1 to 3 months (N = 704)

74.4%

32.0% ↓

3 to 6 months (N = 495)

77.0%

29.7% ↓

6 to 9 months (N = 375)

82.1% ↑

34.1%

9 to 12 months (N = 283)

78.8%

33.6%

1–2 years (N = 566)

75.1%

36.2%

2–3 years (N = 403)

75.2%

35.2%

3–4 years (N = 215)

69.8%

37.2%

4–5 years (N = 139)

67.6%

33.8%

5–10 years (N = 321)

64.1% ↓

29.1% ↓

10 years+ (N = 215)

68.8%

29.8% ↓

Unknown (N = 3)

66.7%

33.3%

Test result:

Strength of association (SOA):

Interpretation of SOA:

Χ² (10, N = 4,256) = 45.37.

p < .001

Φc = 0.103

Weak

Χ² (10, N = 4,256) = 169.58. p < .001

Φc = 0.200

Moderate

Place of Death

Home (N = 1498)

64.9% ↓

18.6% ↓

Hospital (N = 1768)

85.0% ↑

63.3% ↑

Hospice (N = 457)

74.8%

19.3% ↓

Nursing Home (N = 446)

60.5% ↓

12.3% ↓

Other (N = 90)

70.0%

16.7%

Test result:

Strength of association (SOA):

Interpretation of SOA:

Χ² (4, N = 4,259) = 218.79. p < .001

Φc = 0.227

Moderate

Χ² (4, N = 4,259) = 939.98. p < .001

Φc = 0.470

Very strong

Number of Emergency admissions in last year of life

0 (N = 1109)

26%

1 (N = 1575)

37%

2 (N = 865)

20.3%

3 (N = 376)

8.8%

4 (N = 178)

4.2%

5+ (N = 156)

3.7%