Table 2 Pain assessed with MOBID-2 and quality of life assessed with QUALID by prescribed analgesics^a

Pain assessed with MOBID-2

  Mobilization one day

   Opening hands (0–10)

0.40 (1.22)

0.54 (1.39)/0.26 (1.00)*

0.44 (1.29)

0.54 (1.46)/0.25 (0.87)***

0.55 (1.50)

0.67 (1.63)/0.26 (1.06)**

   Stretch arms (0–10)

0.99 (1.95)

1.37 (2.25)/0.61 (1.50)*

1.12 (2.06)

1.34 (2.21)/0.72 (1.70)*

1.15 (2.09)

1.36 (2.24)/0.63 (1.52)***

   Bend and stretch knees and hips (0–10)

1.32 (2.17)

1.82 (2.55)/0.83 (1.58)*

1.44 (2.24)

1.83 (2.42)/0.72 (1.60)*

1.60 (2.35)

1.86 (2.53)/0.95 (1.68)***

   Turn in bed (0–10)

1.15 (2.03)

1.67 (2.38)/0.65 (1.45)*

1.32 (2.19)

1.74 (2.45)/0.52 (1.24)*

1.38 (2.19)

1.61 (2.34)/0.79 (1.59)***

    Sit bedside (0–10)

1.13 (2.02)

1.70 (2.41)/0.57 (1.31)*

1.31 (2.13)

1.68 (2.31)/0.62 (1.49)*

1.33 (2.12)

1.64 (2.32)/0.57 (1.19)*

Observations last week

 Head, mouth, neck (0–10)

0.63 (1.61)

0.72 (1.78)/0.54 (1.41)

0.70 (1.77)

0.93 (2.06)/0.25 (0.84)*

0.61 (1.44)

0.65 (1.49)/0.50 (1.31)

 Heart, lung, chest wall (0–10)

0.41 (1.32)

0.51 (1.48)/0.30 (1.13)**

0.52 (1.56)

0.62 (1.65)/0.33 (1.35)**

0.44 (1.37)

0.55 (1.54)/0.18 (0.73)**

 Abdomen (0–10)

0.38 (1.19)

0.47 (1.29)/0.29 (1.08)**

0.49 (1.40)

0.59 (1.52)/0.32 (1.13)**

0.63 (1.50)

0.68 (1.56)/0.49 (1.33)

 Pelvis, genital organs (0–10)

1.05 (1.97)

1.38 (2.23)/0.74 (1.62)*

1.18 (2.03)

1.57 (2.27)/0.45 (1.19)*

1.28 (2.12)

1.54 (2.28)/0.65 (1.45)*

Skin (0–10)

0.62 (1.48)

0.74 (1.63)/0.50 (1.31)**

0.73 (1.68)

0.88 (1.90)/0.44 (1.14)***

0.84 (1.73)

0.90 (1.78)/0.69 (1.58)

 MOBID-2 overall evaluation score (range 0–10)

2.05 (2.13)

2.69 (2.29)/1.43 (1.75)*

2.21 (2.16)

2.79 (2.22)/1.10 (1.51)*

2.40 (2.08)

2.78 (2.15)/1.46 (1.55)*

Quality of life

 QUALID total score (11–55)

19.77 (7.14)

20.91 (7.72)/18.65 (6.32)*

20.83 (7.21)

21.86 (7.34)/18.88 (6.56)*

22.05 (7.52)

22.47 (7.44)/21.00 (7.64)

Dimensions

 Well-being dimension (4–20)

6.85 (2.44)

7.16 (2.69)/6.55 (2.12)*

7.32 (2.60)

7.49 (2.64)/6.99 (2.50)**

7.85 (2.84)

7.83 (2.79)/7.88 (2.97)

 Sadness dimension (3–15)

5.73 (2.91)

6.02 (3.02)/5.43 (2.77)***

5.96 (2.99)

6.34 (3.10)/5.26 (2.63)*

6.11 (2.86)

6.25 (2.89)/5.79 (2.77)

 Tension dimension (4–20)

7.20 (3.59)

7.73 (3.89)/6.67 (3.19)*

7.55 (3.72)

8.03 (3.82)/6.64 (3.35)*

8.09 (3.86)

8.38 (3.88)/7.36 (3.70)***

Single items

 Smile (1–5)

1.44 (0.89)

1.50 (0.96)/1.38 (0.81)**

1.53 (0.98)

1.56 (1.00)/1.46 (0.94)

1.70 (1.10)

1.67 (1.07)/1.76 (1.16)

 Appears sad (1–5)

2.19 (1.45)

2.28 (1.52)/2.10 (1.37)**

2.25 (1.48)

2.37 (1.53)/2.02 (1.35)***

2.35 (1.51)

2.36 (1.51)/2.31 (1.52)

 Cries (1–5)

1.48 (0.99)

1.52 (1.06)/1.43 (0.92)

1.54 (1.10)

1.62 (1.19)/1.40 (0.89)**

1.47 (1.00)

1.52 (1.08)/1.36 (0.76)

 Has facial expressions of discomfort (1–5)

2.06 (1.15)

2.22 (1.17)/1.90 (1.10)*

2.17 (1.11)

2.34 (1.11)/1.84 (1.05)*

2.29 (1.12)

2.37 (1.08)/2.09 (1.20)**

 Appears physically uncomfortable (1–5)

1.75 (1.09)

1.97 (1.16)/1.53 (0.97)*

1.86 (1.10)

2.02 (1.13)/1.55 (0.98)*

1.93 (1.05)

2.04 (1.07)/1.66 (0.96)*

 Verbalizations suggests discomfort (1–5)

1.89 (1.35)

2.11 (1.47)/1.67 (1.19)*

2.01 (1.41)

2.17 (1.50)/1.69 (1.17)*

2.26 (1.54)

2.39 (1.56)/1.95 (1.43)**

 Is irritable or aggressive (1–5)

1.68 (1.15)

1.77 (1.22)/1.60 (1.07)**

1.83 (1.23)

1.90 (1.27)/1.69 (1.12)**

1.97 (1.30)

1.99 (1.31)/1.91 (1.26)

 Enjoys eating (1–5)

1.42 (0.93)

1.54 (1.07)/1.30 (0.76)*

1.56 (1.04)

1.62 (1.09)/1.45 (0.93)**

1.70 (1.15)

1.72 (1.15)/1.65 (1.15)

 Enjoys touching and being touched (1–5)

2.20 (0.88)

2.25 (0.88)/2.16 (0.88)**

2.27 (0.90)

2.28 (0.89)/2.24 (0.93)

2.34 (0.89)

2.31 (0.88)/2.44 (0.92)

 Enjoys interacting with others (1–5)

1.79 (0.90)

1.87 (0.94)/1.71 (0.85)***

1.96 (0.97)

2.03 (0.98)/1.83 (0.94)**

2.11 (0.99)

2.13 (0.98)/2.04 (1.01)

 Appears calm and comfortable (1–5)

1.88 (1.13)

1.89 (1.14)/1.86 (1.11)

1.86 (1.12)

1.93 (1.13)/1.71 (1.09)**

1.93 (1.09)

1.96 (1.10)/1.84 (1.04)