Table 1 Outcome measures and measurement strategies using the RE-AIM framework

Aim

Reach

1. CMC with polypharmacy who participate in pMTM

1. % and representativeness of patients who participate vs. decline (EHR)

1

Effectiveness

1. Medication-Related Problems (MRPs)

2. Parent-Reported Outcomes of Symptoms (PRO-Sx)

3. Acute healthcare utilization

1. MRP count at 90 days (EHR)

2. PRO-Sx total symptom score (parent)

3. Acute visit count at 90 days (EHR)

2

Effect Modification

MRP count associated with:

1. Patient medical complexity

2. Parent health literacy

3. Barriers/facilitators of parental implementation

1. ICD-10-CM codes (EHR)

2. Short Assessment of Health Literacy (parent)

3. Qualitative interviews (parent)

3

Adoption

1. Providers’ participation in pMTM

1. % and representativeness of those who participate vs. decline (annual survey)

Implementation

1. Fidelity of key pMTM components

2. Time required by providers to implement pMTM

3. Providers’ perceived barriers/facilitators of pMTM implementation

1. Audio-recorded encounters (audio)

2. Time spent on medication-related activities during clinical visit (audio)

3. Qualitative interviews (provider)

Maintenance

1. Healthcare teams’ perceptions of and intentions regarding continuing pMTM following the trial

2. Overall pMTM replication program costs

1. Interviews with providers and leadership

2. Time-driven activity-based costing related to implementation and maintenance of pMTM relative to usual care costs