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Table 1 Perspectives of service providers and mothers on the barriers to performing continuous KMC

From: Launching continuous kangaroo mother care through participatory action research in Iran

Participant group

Theme

Category

Service-provider perspectives [21]

Barriers in relation to mother

‑ Cultural barriers

‑ Physical problems

‑ Psychological problems

‑ Personal hygiene

‑ Lack of orientation to KMC

Barriers in relation to father

‑ Cultural issues

‑ Lack of support for mother

‑ Lack of support for father

Barriers associated with physicians

‑ Cognitive barriers (reluctance)

‑ Material barriers (loss of income)

Barriers associated with the system

‑ Financial barriers (user fees)

‑ Lack of facilities

Mothers’ perspectives

Personal discomfort

‑ Impatience

‑ Duration of KMC

‑ Alone in ward

‑ Physical weakness

Fear

‑ Fear of falling asleep and harming the infant during KMC

Healthcare provider attitudes and actions

‑ Lack of interest and collaboration by nurses

‑ Physicians’ visiting schedules

Infrastructure

‑ Absence of armchair

‑ Absence of privacy

Family matters

‑ Father does not support mother

‑ Lack of family support

‑ Other children at home