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Table 7 Hierarchical regression analysis of control variables, variables of emotional and supportive human relations and outcome variables GAD-2 and QoL at T2 for the sample of POC at T2 (n = 312)

From: Mental distress of physicians in the outpatient care throughout the COVID-19 pandemic: emotional and supportive human relations matter – Cross-sectional results of the VOICE-study

Outcome variable

Variable of interest

GAD-2

QoL

B (95% CI)

SE

β (95% CI)

T

p

B (95% CI)

SE

β (95% CI)

T

p

Constant

4.015 (2.45, 5.58)

.794

 

5.056

 < .001*

2.981 (2.21, 3.75)

.392

 

7.605

 < .001*

Step 1 Control variables (with a significant corellation p <  = .05)

Adj. R2 = .029

Adj. R2 = .012

Having children

-

-

-

-

-

-.105 (-.23, .02)

.062

-.083 (-.20, .04)

-1.686

.093

Fulltime/Parttime

.132 (-.35, .62)

.246

.027 (-.46, .51)

.536

.593

-

-

-

-

-

Contact COVID

.399 (-.06, .86)

.234

.088 (-.37, .55)

1.704

.090

-

-

-

-

-

Step 2 Emotional human relations

Adj. R2 = .259

Adj. R2 = .223

WFC

.095 (.05, .15)

.025

.207 (.16, .26)

3.733

 < .001*

-.046 (-.07, -.02)

.012

-.207 (-.24, -.18)

-3.766

 < .001*

Fear of infecting relatives

.032 (-.12, .18)

.076

.022 (-.13, .17)

.425

.671

-.018 (-.09, .06)

.037

-.025 (-.10, .05)

-.480

.632

Fear of triage situations

.232 (.06, .41)

.089

.132 (-.04, .31)

2.599

.010*

-.061 (-.15, .03)

.043

-.071 (-.16, .01)

-1.404

.162

Fear patients die w/out contact to relatives

-.007 (-.14, .13)

.069

-.005 (-.14, .13)

-.100

.920

.008 (-.06, .07)

.033

.012 (-.05, .08)

.234

.815

Fear patients security adversely affected

.112 (-.05, .27)

.082

.078 (-.08, .24)

1.362

.174

-.031 (-.11, .05)

.039

-.045 (-.12, .03)

-.794

.428

Burden due to restricted social contacts

.254 (.09, .42)

.085

.156 (-.01, .32)

2.990

.003*

-.098 (-.18, -.02)

.041

-.123 (-.20, -.04)

-2.391

.018*

Step 3 Supportive human relations

Adj. R2 = .378

Adj. R2 = .385

ESSI-D

-.053 (-.10, -.01)

.022

-.127 (-.17, -.08)

-2.465

.014*

.043 (.02 .06)

.011

.211 (.19, .23)

4.105

 < .001*

Trust in colleagues

-.340 (-.52, -.17)

.089

-.199 (-.37, -.02)

-3.930

 < .001*

.103 (.02, .19)

.043

.124 (.04, .21)

2.398

.017*

Protection by local authorities

-.371 (-.56, -.19)

.094

-.211 (-.40, -.03)

-3.930

 < .001*

.235 (.15, .32)

.046

.273 (.18, .36)

5.140

 < .001*

Protection by employer

.015 (-.12, .15)

.070

.011 (-.13, .15)

.214

.831

.022 (-.04, .09)

.034

.033 (-.03, .10)

.655

.513

  1. Adj. R2 adjusted R2 (explained variance), ESSI-D ENRICHD Social Support Inventory, QoL Quality of Life, SE standard error, WFC Work Family Conflict, “- “ = not entered into regression analyses due to no significant correlation between control variable and considered outcome parameter (p > .05, see description of statistical analyses above), significant p-values are marked (*)