Table 4 Multivariable analyses of mental health service use during COVID-19 by need factors in the overall sample and by regional cohort
Overall sample (n = 45 542) | British Columbia Generations Project (n = 13 786) | Alberta’s Tomorrow Project (n = 7 518) | Ontario Health Study (n = 9 652) | Quebec’s CARTaGENE (n = 5 186) | Atlantic PATH (n = 9 400) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
aOR (95% CI)* | aOR (95% CI)* | aOR (95% CI)* | aOR (95% CI)* | aOR (95% CI)* | aOR (95% CI)* | |
Need factors | ||||||
Pattern of moderate – severe symptoms of anxiety§ | ||||||
No moderate-severe symptoms | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Remitted | 1.30 (1.10, 1.55) | 1.43 (1.05, 1.95) | 1.48 (1.03, 2.15) | 1.12 (0.76, 1.65) | 1.56 (0.80, 3.05) | 1.04 (0.70, 1.53) |
Incident | 1.81 (1.55, 2.10) | 2.07 (1.58, 2.70) | 1.73 (1.20, 2.50) | 1.91 (1.39, 2.62) | 1.48 (0.87, 2.51) | 1.59 (1.14, 2.22) |
Persistent | 1.89 (1.54, 2.31) | 2.22 (1.52, 3.26) | 1.92 (1.20, 3.05) | 1.30 (0.84, 1.99) | 1.65 (0.72, 3.78) | 2.22 (1.45, 3.40) |
Pattern of moderate – severe symptoms of depression§ | ||||||
No moderate-severe symptoms | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Remitted | 1.66 (1.39, 1.98) | 1.41 (1.02, 1.94) | 1.61 (1.06, 2.44) | 1.95 (1.35, 2.82) | 1.51 (0.80, 2.84) | 2.03 (1.39, 2.96) |
Incident | 2.03 (1.75, 2.36) | 2.53 (1.94, 3.30) | 1.61 (1.12, 2.31) | 1.75 (1.27, 2.42) | 2.49 (1.48, 4.19) | 2.00 (1.44, 2.78) |
Persistent | 2.83 (2.36, 3.78) | 2.90 (2.07, 4.07) | 2.62 (1.78, 3.87) | 3.04 (2.09, 4.43) | 2.43 (1.09, 5.43) | 2.79 (1.89, 4.12) |
Current self-rated emotional/mental health | ||||||
Poor/ Fair/ Good vs. Very good/ Excellent | 3.18 (2.88, 3.51) | 2.92 (2.46, 3.46) | 3.40 (2.67, 4.35) | 3.48 (2.77, 4.36) | 2.55 (1.83, 3.55) | 3.41 (2.76, 4.21) |
Current self-rated emotional/mental health as compared to before March 2020 | ||||||
Worse | 1.09 (0.99, 1.21) | 1.00 (0.84, 1.20) | 1.16 (0.91, 1.49) | 1.03 (0.83, 1.29) | 1.42 (0.97, 2.08) | 1.15 (0.92, 1.44) |
About the same | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Better | 2.40 (2.09, 2.75) | 2.35 (1.86, 2.98) | 2.59 (1.82, 3.67) | 1.85 (1.34, 2.56) | 3.08 (1.89, 5.02) | 2.56 (1.95, 3.37) |
Drinking alcohol more often than March 2020 | ||||||
Yes vs. No | 1.05 (0.95, 1.16) | 1.06 (0.89, 1.28) | 1.04 (0.80, 1.34) | 1.17 (0.94, 1.47) | 1.25 (0.88, 1.77) | 0.86 (0.68, 1.10) |
The presence of multimorbidity | ||||||
None | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
1–3 chronic physical conditions | 1.05 (0.96, 1.16) | 1.08 (0.91, 1.28) | 1.09 (0.87, 1.36) | 1.13 (0.91, 1.41) | 0.99 (0.72, 1.37) | 0.94 (0.76, 1.15) |
≥ 4 chronic physical conditions | 1.27 (1.07, 1.50) | 1.42 (1.06, 1.89) | 1.42 (0.91, 2.23) | 1.08 (0.75, 1.55) | 1.74 (0.90, 3.37) | 1.18 (0.83, 1.67) |
Model C statistic | 0.804 | 0.798 | 0.813 | 0.823 | 0.796 | 0.802 |