Table 1 List of variables and definitions

Holistic care subscale

Dependent variable: ≥0 and < 4 = 0 for low implementation; ≥4 and ≤ 5 = 1 for high implementation

Collaborative care subscale

Dependent variable: ≥0 and < 4 = 0 for low implementation; ≥4 and ≤ 5 = 1 for high implementation

Responsive care subscale

Dependent variable: ≥0 and < 4 = 0 for low implementation; ≥4 and ≤ 5 = 1 for high implementation

Patient centered care scale

Dependent variable: ≥0 and < 4 = 0 for low implementation; ≥4 and ≤ 5 = 1 for high implementation

Knowledge score

Continuous from 0–30 using Vietnamese Knowledge about Older Patients Quiz (VKOP-Q)

Occupation

Nurses (ref); Doctor

Sex

Males(ref); Females

Any post-graduate training

No (ref); Yes

Years of experience

0–4 years (ref); 5 + years

Number of aging patients per day

Continuous