Estimating the cost of HIV services for key populations provided by the LINKAGES program in Kenya and Malawi

Table 2 Volume-weighted mean unit costs per clinical service in Kenya and Malawi, LINKAGES program, FY 2019 in US$ 2019

Country	Clinical service	Indicator	N	Direct clinical service		Condoms and lubricants		Indirect		Total unit cost
				UC	95% CI	UC	95% CI	UC	95% CI	UC	95% CI
Kenya	PEP	Treated	25	95	76–114	5	1–9	356	295–416	456	350–562
	PREP	On PrEP^a	30	127	90–165	51	27–74	456	350–562	635	484–785
	HTS	Tested	30	5	4–6	5	3–7	14	12–16	24	21–27
	ART	On ART^a	30	162	125–198	54	29–79	152	132–172	368	298–438
	STI	Screened	30	2	2–3	5	3–6	11	10–12	18	16–21
	SRH	Provided CM	23	15	13–18	7	2–12	73	66–80	95	72–117
	MSV	Provided post-GBV care	29	13	10–17	6	1–11	71	56–86	90	69–110
Malawi	HTS	Tested	15	25	19–30	3	1–4	57	46–67	84	73–94
	ART	On ART^a	15	260	177–344	26	14–38	471	407–535	757	608–907
	STI	Screened	15	9	7–10	2	1–2	30	27–34	41	37–44
	SRH	Provided CM	11	31	27–35	1	1–2	75	66–85	108	70–145
	MSV	Provided post-GBV care	15	305	242–367	2	1–3	933	897–969	1240	1156–1324

FY 2019 refers to U.S. Government fiscal year from October 1, 2018 to September 30, 2019, UC unit cost, 95% CI 95% confidence interval, N number of drop-in centers, PEP post-exposure prophylaxis, PrEP pre-exposure prophylaxis, HTS HIV testing services, ART antiretroviral therapy, STI sexually transmitted infections, SRH sexual and reproductive health, MSV management of sexual violence, CM contraceptive method, GBV gender-based violence. Given the small number of outputs, the unit cost was not calculated for PrEP in Malawi.^aFor PrEP and ART, unit costs represent the annual cost per person on PrEP and ART

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