Table 3 Characteristics of included ICTs
Target age | ICT intervention | References | Suicide Prevention Intervention Category | MHCC Typology | WHO category | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Screening and Assessment | Safety Planning | Lethal Means Restrictions and/or Counselling | Discharge or Post-Discharge Follow-Up | Therapy | Resources | Other | Computerized interventions, resources, and applications | Telehealth and telemedicine | Wearable computing and monitoring | Virtual reality | Peer support through social media and other technologies | Robots | Universal | Selective | Indicated | |||
Total counts (n) | 66 | 75 | 22 | 20 | 3 | 27 | 4 | 18 | 12 | 55 | 16 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 10 | 53 |
Adult | Addiction Comprehensive Health Enhancement Support System (ACHESS) | Mackie et al., 2017 [102] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||
16-25yrs | Affinity | Bailey et al., 2020 [67] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||
Adult | ALGOrithm for Suicide prevention (ALGOS) Telephone contact | Vaiva et al., 2018 [86] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||||
Vaiva et al., 2011[65] | ||||||||||||||||||
Youth | As Safe as Possible (ASAP) | Kennard et al., 2018[121] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||
BRITE (SMS) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||||
Youth | Ask Suicide Screening Questions (ASQ) via tablet | Pickett et al., 2021[132] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||||
Adult | BackUp | Nuij et al., 2018[129] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||||
mEMA app | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||||||
Youth | Be Safe App | Gregory et al., 2017 [93] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||||
Adult | BEACON (Smartphone assisted problem solving therapy) | Hatcher et al., 2020 [74] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||||||||
Youth | BeyondNow app | Muscara et al., 2020 [128] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||||||||
≥ 16yrs | Melvin et al., 2019 [126] | |||||||||||||||||
Youth | BlueIce | Stallard et al., 2018 [84] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||||
Stellard et al., 2016 [64] | ||||||||||||||||||
Grist et al., 2018 [101] | ||||||||||||||||||
Muscara et al., 2020 [128] | ||||||||||||||||||
≤ 19yrs | Brake of My Mind (BoMM) | Jeong et al., 2020 [119] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||||
≥ 15yrs | Brief Mobile Treatment (BMT) (SMS) | Marasinghe et al., 2012 [79] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||||||||
Adult | Care management intervention | Simon et al., 2016 [63] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||
Skills training intervention | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||||||
Adult | Caring contacts via text message | Comtois et al., 2019 [71] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||||||||
Adult | Caring letters (email) | Luxton et al., 2012 [124] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||||||||
Luxton et al., 2014 [62] | ||||||||||||||||||
Luxton et al., 2020 [78] | ||||||||||||||||||
Youth | Child Health Improvement through Computer Automation (CHICA) system | Etter et al., 2018 [90] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||||||||
Adult | Computer interview/self-rating modification of the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression | Levine et al., 1989 [97] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||||
Adult | Computerized Self-Reported patient-reported outcome (PRO) Assessment | Lawrence et al., 2010 [96] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||||
Youth and their parents | Crisis Care (Web-based) | McManama O'Brien et al., 2017 [125] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||||||||
≥ 16yrs | e-DASH (electronic—Depression and Self-Harm) | Sayal et al., 2019 [133] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||||||||
Youth | Emotion regulation individual therapy for adolescents (ERITA) | Morthorst et al., 2021 [127] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||||||||
Youth | Empatica E4 (Empatica Srl) | Kleiman et al., 2019 [122] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||||
Adult | Enhanced electronic suicidality alert system | Madan et al., 2015 [98] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||||
Youth | Internet-based Emotion Regulation Individual Therapy for Adolescent (ERITA) | Olsen et al., 2021[130] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||||
Adult | Jaspr Health | Dimeff et al., 2021 [115] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||||
Adult | LifeApp’tite Mobile App | O'Toole et al., 2019 [82] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||||||
Adult | Lock to Live (L2L) | Betz et al., 2020 [106] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||||
Youth | MEDIACONNEX (SMS) | Ligier et al., 2016 [77] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||||
Youth | MI-SafeCope | Czyz et al., 2021[113] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||||
Post discharge text-based support (Texts) | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||||||
Adult | Mobile Messenger Counselling Services (MMC) | Seong et al., 2021 [99] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||||
Adult | Mobile telephone message interventions | Chen et al., 2010 [111] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||||
Adult and Youth | MyPlan | Andreasson et al., 2017 [66] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||||||||
Buus et al., 2020 [100] | ✓ | |||||||||||||||||
10-24yrs | New Hope | O'Keefe et al., 2019 [81] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||||
Optimized Care Management | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||||||
Adult | Online assessment of suicidality in patients with cancer | Kolva et al., 2020 [94] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||||
Adult | Online dialectical behavior therapy skills | Simon 2022 [83] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||
14-25yrs | Online tool for self-monitoring of depression and suicidal ideation | Hetrick et al., 2017[117] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||||
Adult | Post-acute crisis text messaging outreach, Suicide intervention assisted by messages (SIAM) | Berrouiguet and Gravey et al., 2014 [105] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||||||||
Berrouiguet and Alavi et al., 2014 [61] | ||||||||||||||||||
HUGOPSYNetwork et al., 2018 [68] | ||||||||||||||||||
Adult | Project Life Force Safety Planning Mobile Apps | Goodman et al., 2020 [73] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||||
Adult | SAFETEL | O’Connor 2019 [135] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||
Adult | SafeTy and Recovery Therapy (START) -Follow up Telephone Coaching and Mobile augmentation | Depp et al., 2021 [114] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||
≥ 16yrs | SMS Text Messaging- SMS SOS Study | Stevens et al., 2019 [85] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||||
Not reported | Stop Depression platform | Cassola et al., 2017 [110] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||||||||
Adult | Strength Within Me (SWiM) | Bruen et al., 2020 [108] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||||||||
Adult | Suicide intervention via home-based telehealth | Gros et al., 2011[103] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||||||||
Adult | Suicide interventions sent via mobile phone text messaging technologies | Kodama et al., 2016 [123] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||||
Youth | Suicide risk detected via adolescent depression screening | Davis et al., 2021 [89] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||||
Youth | TeenTEXT | Owens et al., 2016 [131] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||||
Youth and young adults | Telehealth distance health care | Wright et al., 2021 [134] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||||||||
Adult | Telehealth monitoring system using Health Buddy | Kasckow et al., 2015 [76] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||||||||
Adult | Kasckow et al.,2016 [120] | |||||||||||||||||
Adult | Telephone contact | Vaiva et al., 2006 [87] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||||
≥ 15yrs | Telephone follow up | Mousavi et al., 2014 [80] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||||
All ages | Telephone management programme | Cebrià 2013[70] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||||
Youth | TextIt | Czyz et al., 2020 [112] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||
Adult | The Parkland Health & Hospital System (PHHS) Universal Suicide Screening Program | Canady 2018 [104] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||||
Youth | The Safety Planning Assistant | Hill et al., 2020 [118] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||||
Adult | The tailored Men and Providers Preventing Suicide (MAPS) program | Jerant et al., 2020 [75] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||||
Adult | True Colours online questionnaire (digital self-monitoring component) | Brand et al., 2021[107] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||||
Adult | Virtual Collaborative Assessment and Management of Suicidality System (V-CAMS) | Dimeff et al., 2020 [116] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||||||
Adult | VigilanS (renamed after ALGOS) | Duhem et al., 2018 [72] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||||
Fossi Djembi et al., 2020 [91] | ||||||||||||||||||
Fossi et al., 2021[92] | ||||||||||||||||||
Adult | Virtual Hope Box (VHB) | Bush et al., 2015 [109] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||||||||
Bush et al., 2017 [69] | ✓ | |||||||||||||||||
Chen et al., 2018 [88] | ||||||||||||||||||
Adult | Virtual Monitoring | Kroll et al., 2020 [95] | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||||||||||