Table 4 Distribution of baseline characteristics and embedded health subscales stratified by emergency department use

Home Care service group

 Other home care services only

11,645 (43.8%)

8,187 (49.5%)

19,832 (46.0%)

 < .001

6,652 (42.3%)

13,180 (48.1%)

19,832 (46.0%)

 < .001

 Rehabilitation therapy only

4,683 (17.6%)

2,398 (14.5%)

7,081 (16.4%)

2,762 (17.6%)

4,319 (15.7%)

7,081 (16.4%)

 Home care rehabilitation therapy and other services

10,275 (38.6%)

5,957 (36.0%)

16,232 (37.6%)

6,306 (40.1%)

9,926 (36.2%)

16,232 (37.6%)

Age

  < 55

1,320 (5.0%)

953 (5.8%)

2,273 (5.3%)

0.001

796 (5.1%)

1,477 (5.4%)

2,273 (5.3%)

 < .001

 55–84

17,378 (65.3%)

10,752 (65.0%)

28,130 (65.2%)

10,443 (66.4%)

17,687 (64.5%)

28,130 (65.2%)

 85 + 

7,905 (29.7%)

4,837 (29.2%)

12,742 (29.5%)

4,481 (28.5%)

8,261 (30.1%)

12,742 (29.5%)

Sex

 Female

16,985 (63.8%)

9,406 (56.9%)

26,391 (61.2%)

 < .001

10,221 (65.0%)

16,170 (59.0%)

26,391 (61.2%)

 < .001

Falls Frequency

 0

15,131 (56.9%)

9,711 (58.7%)

24,842 (57.6%)

 < .001

9,015 (57.3%)

15,827 (57.7%)

24,842 (57.6%)

 < .001

 1

7,031 (26.4%)

3,867 (23.4%)

10,898 (25.3%)

4,204 (26.7%)

6,694 (24.4%)

10,898 (25.3%)

  > 2

4,441 (16.7%)

2,964 (17.9%)

7,405 (17.2%)

2,501 (15.9%)

4,904 (17.9%)

7,405 (17.2%)

Diagnosis count

 2

3,801 (14.3%)

2,040 (12.3%)

5,841 (13.5%)

 < .001

2,513 (16.0%)

3,328 (12.1%)

5,841 (13.5%)

 < .001

 3

5,581 (21.0%)

2,972 (18.0%)

8,553 (19.8%)

3,554 (22.6%)

4,999 (18.2%)

8,553 (19.8%)

 4

5,814 (21.9%)

3,322 (20.1%)

9,136 (21.2%)

3,524 (22.4%)

5,612 (20.5%)

9,136 (21.2%)

 5 + 

11,407 (42.9%)

8,208 (49.6%)

19,615 (45.5%)

6,129 (39.0%)

13,486 (49.2%)

19,615 (45.5%)

Ontario Marginalization Index

 Low level of marginalization (Score = 1,2)

8,047 (30.2%)

4,904 (29.6%)

12,951 (30.0%)

 < .001

4,784 (30.4%)

8,167 (29.8%)

12,951 (30.0%)

0.003

 Medium level of marginalization (Score = 3)

11,047 (41.5%)

7,114 (43.0%)

18,161 (42.1%)

6,588 (41.9%)

11,573 (42.2%)

18,161 (42.1%)

 High level of marginalization (Score = 4,5)

7,342 (27.6%)

4,382 (26.5%)

11,724 (27.2%)

4,265 (27.1%)

7,459 (27.2%)

11,724 (27.2%)

Marital Status

 Never married

1,555 (5.8%)

963 (5.8%)

2,518 (5.8%)

 < .001

933 (5.9%)

1,585 (5.8%)

2,518 (5.8%)

0.01

 Married

11,633 (43.7%)

7,650 (46.2%)

19,283 (44.7%)

6,858 (43.6%)

12,425 (45.3%)

19,283 (44.7%)

 Divorced, separated, widowed

13,070 (49.1%)

7,696 (46.5%)

20,766 (48.1%)

7,713 (49.1%)

13,053 (47.6%)

20,766 (48.1%)

 Other

345 (1.3%)

233 (1.4%)

578 (1.3%)

Bladder continence

 Continent

17,060 (64.1%)

10,505 (63.5%)

27,565 (63.9%)

0.005

10,190 (64.8%)

17,375 (63.4%)

27,565 (63.9%)

0.009

 Usually continent

5,319 (20.0%)

3,201 (19.4%)

8,520 (19.7%)

3,069 (19.5%)

5,451 (19.9%)

8,520 (19.7%)

 Usually incontinent

4,184 (15.7%)

2,807 (17.0%)

6,991 (16.2%)

2,438 (15.5%)

4,553 (16.6%)

6,991 (16.2%)

Bowel continence

 Continent

22,771 (85.6%)

13,558 (82.0%)

36,329 (84.2%)

 < .001

13,430 (85.4%)

22,899 (83.5%)

36,329 (84.2%)

 < 0.001

 Usually continent

1,964 (7.4%)

1,477 (8.9%)

3,441 (8.0%)

1,129 (7.2%)

2,312 (8.4%)

3,441 (8.0%)

 Usually incontinent

1,838 (6.9%)

1,488 (9.0%)

3,326 (7.7%)

1,138 (7.2%)

2,188 (8.0%)

3,326 (7.7%)

22,771 (85.6%)

13,558 (82.0%)

36,329 (84.2%)

13,430 (85.4%)

22,899 (83.5%)

36,329 (84.2%)

ADL Hierarchy Scale

 Independent

14,744 (55.4%)

8,421 (50.9%)

23,165 (53.7%)

 < .001

8,585 (54.6%)

14,580 (53.2%)

23,165 (53.7%)

0.013

 Supervision/limited Assistance

7,691 (28.9%)

4,990 (30.2%)

12,681 (29.4%)

4,513 (28.7%)

8,168 (29.8%)

12,681 (29.4%)

 Moderate/Extensive Assistance

4,168 (15.7%)

3,131 (18.9%)

7,299 (16.9%)

2,622 (16.7%)

4,677 (17.1%)

7,299 (16.9%)

IADL Involvement Scale

 Independent/Set-up assist

606 (2.3%)

377 (2.3%)

983 (2.3%)

0.994

340 (2.2%)

643 (2.3%)

983 (2.3%)

0.223

 Moderate/Extensive Assistance

25,997 (97.7%)

16,165 (97.7%)

42,162 (97.7%)

15,380 (97.8%)

26,782 (97.7%)

42,162 (97.7%)

CHESS Scale

 No instability

2,941 (11.1%)

1,443 (8.7%)

4,384 (10.2%)

 < .001

1,679 (10.7%)

2,705 (9.9%)

4,384 (10.2%)

 < .001

 Minimal instability

17,754 (66.7%)

9,997 (60.4%)

27,751 (64.3%)

10,582 (67.3%)

17,169 (62.6%)

27,751 (64.3%)

 Moderate/severe instability

5,908 (22.2%)

5,102 (30.8%)

11,010 (25.5%)

3,459 (22.0%)

7,551 (27.5%)

11,010 (25.5%)

Cognitive Performance Scale

 No cognitive impairment

13,091 (49.2%)

7,603 (46.0%)

20,694 (48.0%)

 < .001

8,005 (50.9%)

12,689 (46.3%)

20,694 (48.0%)

 < .001

 Mild cognitive impairment

9,843 (37.0%)

6,392 (38.6%)

16,235 (37.6%)

5,558 (35.4%)

10,677 (38.9%)

16,235 (37.6%)

 Moderate/Severe cognitive impairment

3,669 (13.8%)

2,547 (15.4%)

6,216 (14.4%)

2,157 (13.7%)

4,059 (14.8%)

6,216 (14.4%)

Depression Rating Scale

 Score of 0 (no depressive symptoms)

15,756 (59.2%)

8,872 (53.6%)

24,628 (57.1%)

 < .001

9,423 (59.9%)

15,205 (55.4%)

24,628 (57.1%)

 < .001

 Score of 1 or 2 (minimal symptoms present in last 3 days)

6,449 (24.2%)

4,368 (26.4%)

10,817 (25.1%)

3,758 (23.9%)

7,059 (25.7%)

10,817 (25.1%)

 Score of 3,4,5 (moderate number of symptoms in last 3 days)

3,143 (11.8%)

2,302 (13.9%)

5,445 (12.6%)

1,810 (11.5%)

3,635 (13.3%)

5,445 (12.6%)

 Score 6 + (severe/all mood symptoms present in last 3 days)

1,255 (4.7%)

1,000 (6.0%)

2,255 (5.2%)

729 (4.6%)

1,526 (5.6%)

2,255 (5.2%)

Pain Scale

 No pain

8,666 (32.6%)

5,483 (33.1%)

14,149 (32.8%)

0.328

4,963 (31.6%)

9,186 (33.5%)

14,149 (32.8%)

 < .001

 Less than daily pain

2,643 (9.9%)

1,670 (10.1%)

4,313 (10.0%)

1,535 (9.8%)

2,778 (10.1%)

4,313 (10.0%)

 Daily pain

15,294 (57.5%)

9,389 (56.8%)

24,683 (57.2%)

9,222 (58.7%)

15,461 (56.4%)

24,683 (57.2%)