Table 1 Characteristics of the patients in conventional HCSCs and enhanced HCSCs

Mean age, years (SD)

84.7 (7.5)

85.3 (7.7)

0.327

Age category (years)

0.061

 65−74

39 (9.8)

44 (10.9)

 75−84

142 (35.8)

128 (31.6)

 85–94

192 (48.4)

188 (46.4)

 ≥ 95

24 (6.1)

45 (11.1)

Sex: male

145 (36.5)

151 (37.3)

0.824

Long-term care need levels

0.001

 Care support levels 1–2

16 (4.0)

11 (2.7)

 Care need levels 1–3

249 (62.7)

206 (50.9)

 Care need levels 4–5

132 (33.3)

188 (46.4)

Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI)

0.335

 0

37 (9.3)

41 (10.1)

 1

20 (5.0)

35 (8.6)

 2

113 (28.5)

106 (26.2)

 3

65 (16.4)

55 (13.6)

 4

48 (12.1)

45 (11.1)

 ≥ 5

114 (28.7)

123 (30.4)

Common diseases included in the CCI

 Congestive heart failure

138 (34.8)

147 (36.3)

0.650

 Dementia

221 (55.7)

179 (44.2)

0.001

 Chronic pulmonary disease

109 (26.5)

114 (28.2)

0.827

 Mild liver disease

60 (15.1)

83 (15.6)

0.862

 Diabetes mellitus

127 (31.2)

141 (34.8)

0.396

 Cancer

77 (19.4)

93 (23.0)

0.216

Use of home nursing care services

158 (39.8)

211 (52.1)

 < 0.001

Use of home oxygen therapy

14 (3.5)

34 (8.4)

0.004

Number of months followed (mean, SD)

8.6 (4.6)

7.3 (5.1)

<0.001

Number of drug types prescribed (mean, SD)

6.8 (3.5)

6.7 (3.4)

0.700