The effects of orthodontic treatment on personal dental expenditures in South Korea: a follow-up study using Korean health panel survey

Table 2 The Box–Cox transformed per-capita OOP dental expenditures and distribution of both groups by covariates

Variables	OT group (n = 218)	Non-OT group (n = 654)	P-value^*
Variables	n (%)	n (%)
Per capita OOP dental expenditures(Unit: KRW)	9488 (22868)	13448 (31154)	0.045^a
Sex
Male	50 (22.94)	165 (25.23)	0.496
Female	168 (77.06)	489 (74.77)
Age (years)
19–29	160 (73.39)	487 (74.46)	0. 496
≥ 30	58 (26.61)	167 (25.54)
Education level
≤ High school	42 (19.27)	131 (20.03)	0.806
≥ College	176 (80.73)	523 (79.97)
Employment
No/do not know	127 (58.26)	378 (57.80)	0.905
Yes	91 (41.74)	276 (42.20)
Income level
Low (Q1)	11 ( 5.05)	38 ( 5.81)	0.904
Middle (Q2–Q4)	139 (63.76)	417 (63.76)
High (Q5)	68 (31.19)	199 (30.43)
Marital status
No	171 (78.44)	512 (78.29)	0.962
Yes	47 (21.56)	142 (21.71)
Private insurance
No	50 (22.94)	146 (22.32)	0.851
Yes	168 (77.06)	508 (77.68)

OT Orthodontic treatment, Non-OT Non-orthodontic treatment
Q1 1st quintile, Q2–Q4 2nd–4th quintile, Q5 5th quintile
^aPer capita OOP expenditure denotes mean (standard deviation); p-value was obtained using a t-test
^*P-values for covariates were obtained using a chi-squared test excepting for mean per capita OOP dental expenditures

ISSN: 1472-6963