Table 5 Results of the multinomial logistic regressions for the determinants of healthcare utilization in Togo
From: Mandatory health insurance and health care utilization in Togo
VARIABLES | The individual saw a specialist | The individual saw a general practitioner | The individual saw other formal health care professionals | The individual saw informal health care providers |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Type of health insurance = 1, MHI | 0.0462*** | 0.00404 | 0.0758** | 0.00114 |
(0.0148) | (0.0224) | (0.0336) | (0.00655) | |
Wealth index | 0.0627*** | 0.173*** | 0.234*** | -0.0141 |
(0.0150) | (0.0435) | (0.0642) | (0.0133) | |
Level of education of household head = Primary school (the reference is no formal education) | -0.00356 | -0.0135 | 0.0388** | 0.00119 |
(0.00499) | (0.0129) | (0.0178) | (0.00324) | |
Level of education of household head = Secondary school | -0.00538 | -0.0168 | 0.0375** | -0.00150 |
(0.00416) | (0.0121) | (0.0180) | (0.00311) | |
Level of education of household head = University | -0.0109 | 0.0463 | -0.0292 | 0.00418 |
(0.00736) | (0.0381) | (0.0513) | (0.0143) | |
Sex of household head = Male (the reference is female) | 0.00227 | -0.00315 | -0.0163 | -0.000640 |
(0.00368) | (0.00964) | (0.0128) | (0.00226) | |
Location area = Urban (the reference is rural) | 0.00154 | 0.0578*** | -0.0842*** | -0.00629* |
(0.00540) | (0.0142) | (0.0172) | (0.00333) | |
Age group = 18–35 (the reference is under 18 years) | 0.000264 | 0.0139 | -0.0388* | 0.000575 |
(0.00591) | (0.0149) | (0.0212) | (0.00337) | |
Age group = 35–45 | -0.0114 | 0.00290 | -0.0507* | 0.0101 |
(0.00697) | (0.0201) | (0.0283) | (0.00645) | |
Age group = 45–55 | -0.0125* | -0.00910 | -0.0949*** | -0.00197 |
(0.00752) | (0.0216) | (0.0294) | (0.00446) | |
Age group = 55–65 | -0.00359 | -0.00347 | -0.0759** | -0.00224 |
(0.00954) | (0.0242) | (0.0329) | (0.00494) | |
Age group = 65–75 | -0.00216 | 0.00279 | -0.0751* | 0.0275* |
(0.0125) | (0.0320) | (0.0412) | (0.0162) | |
Age group = More than 75 years | 0.00246 | -0.0115 | -0.0790*** | 0.00104 |
(0.00967) | (0.0212) | (0.0302) | (0.00537) | |
Region = Plateau (the reference group is Maritime) | -0.000649 | -0.0636*** | -0.0262 | -0.000423 |
(0.00590) | (0.0169) | (0.0206) | (0.00316) | |
Region = Central | -0.00483 | -0.0948*** | 0.0799*** | 0.0183*** |
(0.00629) | (0.0175) | (0.0242) | (0.00611) | |
Region = Kara | 9.45e-05 | -0.0564*** | 0.0694*** | 0.0101** |
(0.00630) | (0.0178) | (0.0226) | (0.00464) | |
Region = Savannah | 0.00378 | -0.0392** | -0.0153 | -0.00158 |
(0.00639) | (0.0178) | (0.0211) | (0.00302) | |
Region = Grand Lomé | 0.0375*** | 0.000800 | -0.107*** | 0.00480 |
(0.0115) | (0.0209) | (0.0237) | (0.00689) | |
Household size | -0.00115* | -0.00131 | -0.000299 | 0.000509 |
(0.000691) | (0.00167) | (0.00210) | (0.000322) | |
Marital status = Married (the reference group is single) | 0.000748 | 0.0163 | 0.0543*** | 0.00106 |
(0.00500) | (0.0138) | (0.0195) | (0.00399) | |
Marital status = Widow or widower | 0.0121 | 0.0118 | 0.0250 | -0.00380 |
(0.0114) | (0.0235) | (0.0314) | (0.00455) | |
Marital status = Divorced | -0.00874 | 0.0481 | -0.0203 | -0.00699* |
(0.00847) | (0.0302) | (0.0354) | (0.00420) | |
Hospitalization in the last 12 months = yes (the reference group is no) | 0.0537*** | 0.0631*** | 0.0518* | 0.00176 |
(0.0141) | (0.0234) | (0.0279) | (0.00521) | |
Hosmer-Lemeshow test | ||||
chi2 | 26.2 | |||
Prob > chi2 | 0.76 | |||
Multicollinearity | ||||
Largest VIF | 2.5 | |||
Mean VIF | 1.7 | |||
Likelihood Ratio test | ||||
LR chi2(92) | 650.1 | |||
Prob > chi2 | 0.000 | |||
Pseudo R2 | 0.05 | |||
Observations | 5,868 | 5,868 | 5,868 | 5,868 |