Baseline representativeness of patients in clinics enrolled in the PRimary care Opioid Use Disorders treatment (PROUD) trial: comparison of trial and non-trial clinics in the same health systems

Table 2 OUD diagnosis and medication treatment at the clinic-level in the 2 years before randomization date

Measures scaled per 10,000 primary care patients seen in the clinic in the 2 years prior to randomization	10 PROUD trial clinics Mean (SD) across clinics	20 non-trial clinics Mean (SD) across clinics	Mean difference (95% CI) from mixed-effect linear model
Number of patients with:
Documented OUD diagnosis	72.4 (42.1)	66.2 (33.4)	6.2 (− 14.7 to 27.1)
Initiation of OUD treatment	8.3 (7.0)	6.1 (4.3)	2.2 (−1.6 to 6.0)
Any OUD treatment	12.6 (9.5)	9.7 (6.6)	2.9 (−2.3 to 8.1)
Patient-years of OUD treatment^a	8.0 (5.2)	7.0 (5.4)	1.0 (−2.9 to 5.0)
Restricting to the sample of patients with at least 6 months of observation in study period, number of patients with:
Documented OUD diagnosis	75.5 (45.9)	65.6 (35.7)	9.9 (−12.0 to 31.7)
≥80% of days covered by OUD treatment^b	3.5 (2.4)	3.1 (2.4)	0.3 (−1.5 to 2.1)
≥6 months covered by OUD treatment^c	6.3 (4.8)	5.0 (4.2)	1.4 (−1.4 to 4.1)

OUD Opioid use disorder, SD standard deviation, XR-NTX extended-release injectable naltrexone
^aPrimary PROUD trial outcome
^bCalculated as percentage of days from first OUD medication treatment occurring ≥6 months before randomization date to enable ≥6 months of follow-up to be observed after the first documented treatment, smoothing over gaps ≤14 days between a buprenorphine end date and XR-NTX start date
^cCalculated treatment starting ≥6 months before randomization date, smoothing over gaps of ≤7 days or gaps of ≤14 days between a buprenorphine end date and XR-NTX start date

ISSN: 1472-6963