Table 10 Factors associated with total cost of illness
Variables | Frequency (%) or Mean ± SD | Coefficient Estimate (95% CI) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Observations | 398 | Â | Â |
Age in years (Mean ± SD) | 51.1 (14.74) | -0.08(-0.24,0.08) | 0.34 |
Sex | |||
 Male | 225 (56.5) | -5.08(-15.23,5.07) | 0.33 |
 Female | 173 (43.5) | Ref |  |
Educational status | |||
 No formal education | 167 (42.0) | Ref |  |
 Primary education | 68 (17.1) | -2.21(-6.28,1.87) | 0.29 |
 Secondary education | 75 (18.8) | -4.01(-8.38,0.37) | 0.07 |
 Higher education | 88 (22.1) | -4.39(-9.14,0.36) | 0.07 |
Residence | |||
 Urban | 232 (58.3) | 4.45 (1.20,7.69) | 0.007* |
 Rural | 166 (41.7) | Ref |  |
Marital status | |||
 Married | 290 (72.9) | 1.86(-1.36,5.07) | 0.26 |
 Others | 108 (27.1) | Ref |  |
Family size (Mean ± SD) | 5.9 (1.99) | 1.26 (0.54,1.98) | 0.001* |
Main occupation | |||
 Unemployed | 101 (25.4) | Ref |  |
 Employed | 125 (31.4) | 2.69(-1.52,6.90) | 0.21 |
 Farmer | 80 (20.1) | 1.67(-3.18,6.53) | 0.50 |
 Merchant | 92 (23.1) | 0.13(-4.07,4.33) | 0.95 |
Distance from the hospital in kilometers (Mean ± SD) | 21.3 (19.47) | -0.008(-0.08,0.07) | 0.83 |
Duration of illness in years (Mean ± SD) | 5.7 (5.51) | 0.13(-0.12,0.38) | 0.31 |
Presence of co-morbidity | |||
 Yes | 293 (73.6) | 3.17 (0.05,6.28) | 0.04* |
 No | 105 (26.4) | Ref |  |
Ever stopped diabetes treatment | |||
 Yes | 107 (26.9) | 6.17 (3.11,9.22) | p<0.0001* |
 No | 291 (73.1) | Ref |  |