Table 1 Common negative emotional expressions associated with medication errors
Negative emotions | Synonyms of the terms [Bold terms: The terms that were marked in bold letters are the ones that were found to be expressed by healthcare staff in their incident reports and thus, are used in the analysis.] |
|---|---|
Fear / Anxiety | scared, fear, frightened / frightful / fright, worry/worried, terror, anxiety / anxious, nervous, doubt, mistrust, panic, nervousness, afraid, flashbacks, nervous, stressed, terrified, petrified, unsettled, on edge, distressed, jittery, fidgety, restless, uneasy, dread, apprehension, trepidation, concerned, uneasiness |
Anger | angry / anger, furious, livid, pissed off, annoyed / annoy, miffed, bitter, enraged, exasperated, fuming, irate, incensed, antagonize, displease, aggravate / aggravation, huff, crossness, bile, spleen, indignation, displeasure, exasperation, dudgeon, distress, sullen, sulky |
Disturbed | agitated, shock, troubled, unsettled, nervous, restless, shake, discompose, unhinge, stunned, choked, unbalanced, uneasy, solicitous, upset, uptight |
Sad | sad, sorrowful, unhappy, sorry, mournful, rueful, stressing, lugubrious, woeful, afflicted, woe some, wretched, miserable, nasty, lousy, crappy |
Shame | shame / ashamed, disgrace, ignominy, stigma, mortification / mortified, reproach, dishonor, dishonour, indignity, discredit, obloquy, embarrassed, shamefaced, hangdog, self-conscious |
Guilt | guilt / guiltiness, self-blame, regret / regretful, offense, fault, failing, culpability, self-reproach, blameworthiness, wrongdoing, misconduct, self-reproach, self-condemnation, remorse, remorsefulness / remorseful, contrition, contriteness, compunction |
Self-esteem | self-worth, self-regard, self-respect, self-integrity, self-confidence, self-disappointment, incompetent |
Depression | depressed, frustrated, overwhelmed, devastated, hopelessness, sleeplessness, crestfallen, hump |