Table 2 Median (IQR) costs in Indian Rupees incurred by patients with TB-HIV co-infection from January 2017 to December 2020 in Bhavnagar (n = 234)
Categories of costs | TB costs | HIV costs | Combined TB-HIV costs |
|---|---|---|---|
Direct medical | 0 (0–1043) [~US$ 0 (0–15)] | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–1700) [~US$ 0 (0–25)] |
Hospital stay charges | 0 (0–100) [~US$ 0 (0–1.5)] | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–113) [~US$ 0 (0–1.7)] |
Consultation | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) |
Radiography | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) |
Laboratory | 0 (0–300) [~US$ 0 (0–4)] | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–300) [~US$ 0 (0–4)] |
Procedures | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) |
Drug | 0 (0–500) [~US$ 0 (0–7)] | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–1000) [~US$ 0 (0–15)] |
Prescribed nutrition | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) |
Direct non-medical | 1970 (1355–3593) [~US$ 29 (20–53)] | 1080 (660–1500) [~US$ 16 (10–22)] | 3195 (2018–5168) [~US$ 47 (30–76)] |
Travel to attend health facility | 1970 (1355–3550) [~US$ 29 (20–52)] | 1055 (660–1500) [~US$ 16 (10–22)] | 3175 (2018–5163) [~US$ 47 (30–76)] |
Food purchased to attend health facility | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) |
Accommodation to attend health facility | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) |
Opportunity costs during clinic visits | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–0) |
Indirect | 1252 (683–2192) [~US$ 18 (10–32)] | 725 (338–1600) [~US$ 11 (5–24)] | 2218 (1234–3690) [~US$ 33 (18–54)] |
Loss of wages to attend health facility | 824 (331–1300) [~US$ 12 (5–19)] | 400 (138–1200) [~US$ 6 (2–18)] | 1386 (650–2351) [~US$ 20 (10–35)] |
Wage loss of accompanying member | 300 (150–500) [~US$ 4 (2–7)] | 200 (200–400) [~US$ 3 (3–6)] | 600 (300–900) [~US$ 9 (4–13)] |
Household income loss due to TB | 0 (0–0) | – | – |
Total costs | 4613 (2541–7429) [~US$ 69 (37–109)] | 2223 (1278–3825) [~US$ 33 (19–56)] | 7355 (4337–11,657) [~US$ 108 (64–171)] |