Table 2 Adjusted associations between PCP and specialty visits and ACSC hospitalization among urban and rural dual eligibles age 65 and over
Variable | Urban | Rural |
|---|---|---|
N (person-years) | 8,562,571 | 1,894,368 |
PCP visits | − 0.059*** (0.002) | − 0.026*** (0.005) |
Outpatient specialist visits | −0.067*** (0.002) | − 0.146*** (0.004) |
Age | 0.037*** (0.001) | 0.025*** (0.003) |
Male | −0.138*** (0.021) | 0.336*** (0.050) |
Race/Ethnicity | ||
 Black | 1.599*** (0.034) | −0.827*** (0.088) |
 Asian/Pacific Islander | −0.707*** (0.028) | −0.787*** (0.192) |
AI/AN | 1.215*** (0.147) | 0.864*** (0.173) |
 Hispanic | 0.399*** (0.029) | −0.471*** (0.108) |
 Other | −0.795*** (0.080) | −0.539 (0.333) |
Chronic Conditions | ||
 1–3 conditions | 1.129*** (0.011) | 1.606*** (0.030) |
 4–6 conditions | 4.149*** (0.017) | 5.815*** (0.044) |
 7–9 conditions | 12.130*** (0.031) | 16.440*** (0.074) |
 10+ conditions | 29.970*** (0.060) | 36.280*** (0.136) |
Disability Status | ||
 With Disability | 1.106*** (0.026) | 0.371*** (0.053) |
Year | ||
 2014 | −0.339*** (0.027) | −0.566*** (0.063) |
 2015 | −0.646*** (0.028) | −1.242*** (0.065) |
 2016 | −0.508*** (0.028) | −1.292*** (0.066) |
 2017 | −0.689*** (0.028) | −1.459*** (0.066) |
 2018 | −0.949*** (0.028) | −1.830*** (0.067) |
 Constant | −2.564*** (0.101) | −0.739*** (0.230) |