Table 5 Multilevel logistic regression results on the association between child marriage and postnatal care attendance among childbearing women in sub-Saharan Africa
Variables | Model 0 | Model I | Model II | Model III | Model IV |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
cOR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | aOR (95% CI) | ||
Age at first marriage | |||||
18-24 years | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |
< 18 years | 0.79*** (0.75-0.82) | 0.95* (0.90-1.00) | 0.84*** (0.80-0.88) | 0.95 (0.94-1.00) | |
Education | |||||
No education | 1 | ||||
Primary | 1.10** (1.03-1.17) | 1.07* (1.00-1.14) | |||
Secondary/higher | 1.22*** (1.13-1.31) | 1.14*** (1.06-1.23) | |||
Marital status | |||||
Married | 1 | 1 | |||
Cohabiting | 0.73*** (0.69-0.77) | 0.72*** (0.68-0.76) | |||
Parity | |||||
One birth | 1 | 1 | |||
Two births | 0.91*** (0.86-0.95) | 0.91*** (0.87-0.96) | |||
Three births | 0.78*** (0.73-0.83) | 0.79*** (0.74-0.85) | |||
Four or more births | 0.62*** (0.56-0.68) | 0.62*** (0.57-0.69) | |||
Religion | |||||
Christianity | 1 | 1 | |||
Islam | 0.88*** (0.83-0.93) | 0.89*** (0.84-0.94) | |||
Others | 1.37*** (1.23-1.52) | 1.40*** (1.26-1.56) | |||
Partner’s education | |||||
No education | 1.12** (1.04-1.20) | 1.16*** (1.08-1.24) | |||
Primary | 0.96 (0.90-1.02) | 0.98 (0.92-1.04) | |||
Secondary/higher | 1 | 1 | |||
Mass media | |||||
No | 0.51*** (0.49-0.54) | 0.53*** (0.51-0.55) | |||
Yes | 1 | 1 | |||
Wealth index | |||||
Poorest | 0.89*** (0.84-0.95) | 0.96 (0.90-1.02) | |||
Poorer | 1 | 1 | |||
Middle | 1.02 (0.96-1.09) | 0.96 (0.89-1.03) | |||
Richer | 1.16*** (1.08-1.26) | 1.01 (0.94-1.10) | |||
Richest | 1.16*** (1.05-1.27) | ||||
Sex of head of household | |||||
Male | 1 | ||||
Female | 1.04 (0.98-1.11) | 1.04 (0.98-1.11) | |||
Decision making capacity | |||||
Respondents alone | 1.41*** (1.33-1.50) | 1.39*** (1.30-1.48) | |||
Others | 1 | 1 | |||
Community level literacy | |||||
Low | 1 | 1 | |||
Medium | 1.18*** (1.12-1.25) | 1.10*** (1.04-1.17) | |||
High | 1.16*** (1.09-1.25) | 1.06 (0.99-1.14) | |||
Community socioeconomic level | |||||
Low | 1 | 1 | |||
Medium | 1.04 (0.97-1.11) | 1.00 (0.93-1.07) | |||
High | 1.01 (0.94-1.10) | 1.01 (1.08-1.10) | |||
Residence | |||||
Urban | 1.13*** (1.06-1.20) | 1.16*** (1.08-1.23) | |||
Rural | 1 | 1 | |||
Random effect result | |||||
PSU variance (95% CI) | 0.17 (0.14-0.21) | 0.17 (0.14-0.21) | 0.16 (0.13-0.20) | 0.17 (0.14-0.21) | 0.16 (0.13-0.20) |
ICC | 0.050 | 0.049 | 0.046 | 0.049 | 0.046 |
LR Test | χ2 = 353.22, p < 0.001 | χ2 = 339.56, p < 0.001 | χ2 = 297.54, p < 0.001 | χ2, 343.90, p < 0.001 | χ2 = 301.17, p < 0.001 |
Wald chi-square | Reference | 109.97*** | 1317.46*** | 425.03*** | 1448.91*** |
Model fitness | |||||
Log-likelihood | −22,719.546 | −22,664.608 | −22,024.675 | −22,504.232 | −21,949.785 |
AIC | 45,443.09 | 45,335.22 | 44,077.35 | 45,036.46 | 43,949.57 |
N | 36,215 | 36,215 | 36,215 | 36,215 | 36,215 |
Number of clusters | 1454 | 1454 | 1454 | 1454 | 1454 |