Table 3 Summary Country characteristics and coordination methods
From: Coordination mechanisms for COVID-19 in the WHO Regional office for Africa
County characteristic variables (continuous) | n = 47 | ||||
Mean | SD | Median | Min | Max | |
Average life expectancy | 63.29 | 5.37 | 63.4 | 53.3 | 76.9 |
GDP per capita | 5537.38 | 6248.96 | 3081 | 752 | 29,056 |
Human development index | 0.55 | 0.54 | 0.10 | 0.39 | 0.80 |
Percentage population in the Urban region | 44.42 | 18.25 | 43.1 | 13.4 | 89.7 |
Global Health Security Index | 31.26 | 7.58 | 31.1 | 16.2 | 54.8 |
Current health expenditure (% of GDP) | 5.58 | 2.56 | 5.11 | 2.14 | 16.06 |
Infectious disease resilience index | 0.30 | 0.14 | 0.270681 | 0.00006 | 0.69729 |
Coordination variables (categorical) | n = 47 | ||||
Categories | Frequency (n) | Percentage (%) | |||
Income categorisation | High income | 1 | 2.13 | ||
Upper middle income | 7 | 14.89 | |||
Lower middle income | 14 | 29.79 | |||
Low income | 25 | 53.19 | |||
Initiated strategic coordination | Yes | 41 | 87.23 | ||
No | 6 | 12.77 | |||
Initiated operational coordination | Yes | 28 | 59.57 | ||
No | 19 | 40.43 | |||
Initiated tactical coordination | Yes | 15 | 31.91 | ||
No | 32 | 68.09 | |||
Implemented PHEOC before COVID-19 | Yes | 38 | 80.85 | ||
No | 9 | 19.15 | |||
Functional PHEOC before COVID-19 | Yes | 26 | 55.32 | ||
No | 21 | 44.68 | |||
Layered coordination mechanism (Fig. 2) | Both strategic and tactical | 10 | 23.26 | ||
Strategic, operational, and tactical | 10 | 23.26 | |||
Both strategic and operational | 16 | 37.21 | |||
Only operational or tactical | 7 | 16.28 | |||