Table 4 Description of Markov model used in the included studies
No | Authors, Year | Health states used in the Markov model | Utility values |
|---|---|---|---|
Anxiety & PTSD | |||
 1 | Gospodarevskaya E. & Segal L., 2012 [26] | Nine health states No PTSD/No depression PTSD only Depression only PTSD/Depression Death from suicide general population Death from suicide PTSD/depression Death from suicide depression Death from suicide PTSD Death from other causes | No PTSD/No depression (population norm) 10–30 year olds 0.87 30–40 year olds 0.85 PTSD only 0.61 (0.43–0.79) PTSD + depression 0.53 (0.37–0.69) Depression only 0.46 (0.32–0.60) (A paper from the first author with 2007 Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing, Gospodarevskaya E., 2013. The 2007 Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing collected data using generic preference-based instrument AQoL-4D). |
 2 | Shearer J. et al., 2018 [31] | Two health states PTSD PTSD free | Not reported separately. Instead reported how the calculations were done for the trial arms. Utility values obtained by mapping parent-completed Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) scores on to the Child Health Utility index 9D (CHU-9D) using a published mapping algorithm |
 3 | Mavranezouli I. et al., 2020 [32] | Two health states PTSD No PTSD | Base-case analysis PTSD – 3-month 0.170 No-PTSD – 3-month 0.218 Secondary analysis PTSD – 3-month 0.185 No-PTSD – 3-month 0.193 Utility data from Gospodarevskaya (2013) and Shearer et al. (2018) |
Depression | |||
 4 | Mihalopoulos C. et al., 2012 [28] | Two health states Depressed Non depressed | Not applicable as the outcome is DALYs averted |
 5 | Lee YY. et al., 2017 [29] | Three health states Healthy Depression Dead | Not applicable as the outcome is DALYs averted |
 6 | Ssegonja R. et al., 2020 [35] | Six health states Healthy Sub-syndromal depression Depressed Remission Recovered Dead | Utility values from published papers (Kolovos et al., 2017 [39], Burstrom et al., 2001 [40], and Burstrom et al., 2006 [41] - utility values based on EQ-5D Healthy 0.89 (0.78–0.95) (Burstrom et al., 2001, Burstrom et al., 2006) Subthreshold depression 0.62 (0.58–0.62) (Kolovos et al., 2017b) Depressed 0.39 (0.35–0.43) (Kolovos et al., 2017b; utility values based on EQ-5D) Remission 0.70 (0.67–0.73) (Kolovos et al., 2017b) Recovered 0.89 (0.78–0.95) (Burstrom et al., 2001, Burstrom et al., 2006) Dead 0.00 (0.00–0.00) |
Anorexia nervosa | |||
 7 | Le LK-D. et al., 2017 [30] | Three health states People with anorexia Recovery Death | Not applicable as the outcome is DALYs averted |
Other mental health conditions | |||
 8 | Cottrell DJ. et al., 2018 [33] | Three health states Self-harm (SH) No self-harm (noSH) Death | Utility values obtained using EQ-5D within the study. Health state utilities in treatment as usual arm 6 months- SH 0.760 (SE 0.161) 12 months- SH 0.751 (SE 0.187) noSH 0.784 (SE 0.180) Death 0 18 months- SH 0.754 (SE 0.033) noSH 0.808 (SE 0.157) Death 0 Health state utilities in family therapy arm 6 months- SH 0.799 (SE 0.178) 12 months- SH 0.793 (SE 0.184) noSH 0.813 (SE 0.194) Death 0 18 months- SH 0.732 (SE 0.239) noSH 0.823 (SE 0.179) Death 0 |
 9 | Freriks RD. et al., 2019 [37] | Three health states No delinquency Minor to moderate delinquency Serious delinquency | Not applicable as the outcome is life-years of serious delinquent behavior prevented |