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Table 3 Relationship between predictors and composite outcomea

From: Prospective evaluation of social risks, physical function, and cognitive function in prediction of non-elective rehospitalization and post-discharge mortality

 

Interviewed patients in final cohort

Composite outcome present

Composite outcome absent

P

 

N = 1,547

N = 212

N = 1,335

 

Age (Median, mean ± SD)

67.0, 65.2 ± 15.1

69.0, 68.0 ± 13.5

67.0, 64.8 ± 15.3

0.005

Sex (% Male)

46.5%

46.7%

46.5%

1.000

Charlson Comorbidity Index scoreb (Median, mean ± SD)

3.0, 3.4 ± 3.0

5.0, 4.9 ± 3.3

3.0, 3.1 ± 2.9

 < 0.001

COPS2b (Median, mean ± SD)

31.0, 50.0 ± 47.3

72.0, 78.2 ± 55.4

28.0, 45.5 ± 44.3

 < 0.001

LAPS2b (Median, mean ± SD)

57.0, 59.4 ± 38.0

71.0, 74.4 ± 40.0

54.0, 57.0 ± 37.2

 < 0.001

TSLc (Median, mean ± SD)

10.8, 14.9 ± 11.4

18.6, 22.2 ± 15.1

10.3, 13.7 ± 10.2

 < 0.001

Cognitive Functiond (Median, mean ± SD)

31.8, 32.4 ± 9.3

30.8, 30.8 ± 8.5

31.8, 32.6 ± 9.4

0.009

Physical Functiond (Median, mean ± SD)

53.8, 53.6 ± 10.0

52.3, 51.7 ± 10.2

53.9, 53.8 ± 9.9

0.005

YCLSe items (%)

  Not married, not living with partner

47.1%

54.2%

45.9%

0.029

  Housing difficulties present

15.1%

18.9%

14.5%

0.125

  Food availability problems present

8.4%

8.5%

8.4%

1.000

  Financial problems present

18.9%

21.7%

18.4%

0.300

  Transportation difficulties present

15.8%

22.2%

14.8%

0.008

  Disability present

51.3%

66.0%

49.0%

 < 0.001

Help availability in context of presence of disabilityf

   

 < 0.001

  No disability, issue of help not applicable

48.7%

34.0%

51.0%

 

  Disability present, help is available

43.5%

55.7%

41.6%

 

  Disability present, help is availability uncertain

7.8%

10.4%

7.4%

 
  1. aComposite outcome = non-elective rehospitalization (hospitalization that began in the emergency department) and/or death within 30 days after hospital discharge
  2. bThe Charlson Comorbidity Index score (range, 0–40; higher scores indicate greater comorbidity burden) was calculated using the methodology of Deyo et al. [27]. COPS2 = COmorbidity Point Score, version 2 (COPS2, range, 0 to 10, higher scores indicate increasing comorbidity burden) is assigned based on all diagnoses incurred by a patient in the 12 months preceding the index hospitalization. The univariate relationship of COPS2 with 30-day mortality is as follows: 0–39, 1.7%; 40–64, 5.2%; 65 + , 9.0%. LAPS2 = Laboratory-based Acute Physiology Score, version 2 (LAPS2, range, 0 to 414, higher scores indicating increasing physiologic derangement) is assigned based on a patient’s worst vital signs, pulse oximetry, neurological status, and 16 laboratory test results in the preceding 24 (hourly and discharge LAPS2) or 72 h (admission LAPS2). The univariate relationship of an admission LAPS2 with 30-day mortality is as follows: 0–59, 1.0%; 60–109, 5.0%; 110 + , 13.7%. See Escobar et al. (2013)
  3. cTSL = Transition Support Level score. This score is assigned at 6 AM on the day of discharge to all adult hospitalized patients in Kaiser Permanente Northern California. The score, which is expressed as a percent, is calibrated against a composite outcome (non-elective hospitalization and/or death within 30 days of discharge). It is based on a patient’s LAPS2, COPS2, length of stay, recent hospital and emergency department utilization preceding the current hospitalization, and discharge care directive (full code or not); see Escobar et al. [17] for details. Patients with a TSL score of ≥ 25% receive additional assessments and follow-up calls and appointments
  4. dPatient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Cognitive Function bank v. 2.0 and Physical Function bank v. 2.0. There were 29 patients with missing Cognitive Function and 36 with missing Physical Function
  5. eYCLS = Your Current Life Situation questionnaire. See Appendix 1 for details
  6. fAmong patients reporting the presence of a disability (N = 140/212 among patients with the composite outcome, 654/1,335 among those without), the proportions with help available were higher among those with the composite outcome (66.0% among those with the composite outcome, 49.0% among those without, p =  < .001)
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BMC Health Services Research

ISSN: 1472-6963

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