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Table 6 Total Annual costs estimation for Prostate cancer (direct and indirect costs)

From: The economic burden of prostate cancer in Eswatini

 

Prevalence 2018

Cost per item ($)

Base case cost ($)

Range ($)

Parameter

Number

Average cost (2018)

Base costs (2018)

(Lower (-25%)

Higher (+25)

Direct costs (Health care costs) consultation fee

90

41

3690

2768

4613

Screening and diagnosis

 

  Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA)

90

16

1448

1086

1810

  Digital rectal examination (DRE)

8

0

0

0

0

  TRUS guided Biopsy

90

147

13,213

9910

16,516

  MRI scan

90

1034

93,060

69,795

116,325

  Chest x-ray

90

28

2484

1863

3105

  Bone scan

90

607

54,630

40,973

68,288

  Ultra sound

90

103

9270

6953

11,588

  CT scan abdomen

90

862

77,580

58,185

96,975

Treatment

 

  Stage I

10

45,486

454,861

341,146

568,577

  Stage II

17

45,428

772,278

579,209

965,348

  Stage III

23

53,072

1,220,659

915,494

1,525,824

  Stage IV

40

53,072

2,122,886

1,592,164

2,653,607

Other direct costs

 

  Hospitalization costs (local)

90

210

18,900

14,175

23,625

  Hospital admission in step down facility for late stage treatment

90

1206

108,540

81,405

135,675

  Transport and lodging cost (in RSA)

90

5959

536,310

402,233

670,388

  Follow-up care (Year 1 following completing treatment)

60

2662

159,720

119,790

199,650

Total direct

 

209,892

5,645,839

4,234,379

7,057,299

Direct non-medical cost

 

  Transport costs for follow-up visits ,patient

59

2513

148,267

111,200

185,334

  Transport costs for follow-up visits, accompanying relative

59

2513

148,267

111,200

185,334

Total Direct non-medical costs

 

5026

296,534

222,401

370,668

Indirect costs

 

  Morbidity costs due to sick leave

13

648

8424

6318

10,530

  Premature mortality costs

4

57,675

230,700

173,025

288,375

Total indirect costs

 

58,323

239,124

179,343

298,905

Total

 

268,215

6,181,497

4,636,123

7,726,871