Table 1 Measures and timeframes

Face validity(33)

Five clinicians^b rated how well the instrument appeared to support PIVC insertion and DIVA recognition using a 5-point Likert scale 1 (strongly disagree) - 5 (strongly agree).

Cl

^a

Content validity [31, 32]

Five experts examined the DIVA Key’s content validity using measures of relevancy, clarity, and simplicity for each item.

Cl

^a

Agreement [33]

Interrater agreement of the instrument was assessed using percentage concordance (agreement parameter) between the assessors.

CRF

^a

Reliability [34]

Instrument reliability of the DIVA Key was assessed using Kappa.

CRF

^a

Consumer acceptability

Consumers (patient if > 8 years and/or parent representative) will be asked to rate their satisfaction with the DIVA instrument and escalation pathway (2 measures) using an 11-point numerical scale (0–10).

P, C

^a

Clinician acceptability

The inserter (clinician) will be asked to rate their satisfaction with the DIVA Key (peripheral vein assessment instrument and escalation pathway) using an 11-point numerical scale (0–10) and filed notes.

Cl

^a

Utility

PIVC insertions that are referred to an advanced practitioner that go on to be inserted by an advanced practitioner.

CRF

^a

PIVC insertions requiring USG that receive USG technology

CRF

^a

Performance

First time insertion success: The number of PIVCs successfully inserted on first needle puncture as evidenced by blood flashback and ability to infuse 2-10 mL (age appropriate) 0.9% sodium chloride without signs of swelling or pain at the insertion site [18, 35, 36].

CRF

^a

Total number of PIVC insertion attempts (skin punctures) to successfully insert PIVC [36].

CRF

^a

PIVC failure prior to the completion of therapy, per 1000 catheter days [37].

iEMR

^a