Table 1 Number of studies classified by therapeutic area-gene and ADRs and by region
Therapeutic area-gene and ADRs | Clinical guideline | FDA approved labelling | Number of studies by region | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Drug | Gene | ADRs | Severity of ADRs | Asians | Europeans/ USA | Total | ||
Cardiovascular disease (24) | ||||||||
 Warfarin | CYP2C9 and VKORC1 | bleeding | NS | CPIC, DPWG, CPNDS | √ | 2 | 12 | 14 |
 Clopidogrel | CYP2C19 | major cardiac/adverse CV events | NS | CPIC,DPWG | √ | 1 | 8 | 9 |
 Statins | Pharmacogenetics test | myopathy | NS | CPIC, DPWG | √ | – | 1 | 1 |
Gout (8) | ||||||||
 Allopurinol | HLA-B*58:01 | SJS/TEN, DRESS | S | CPIC | √ | 6 | 2 | 8 |
HIV infection (8) | ||||||||
 Abacavir | HLA-B*57:01 | Hypersensitivity | S | CPIC, DPWG | √ | 1 | 6 | 7 |
 Efavirenz | CYP2B6 | CNS toxicity | NS | CPIC,DPWG | √ | – | 1 | 1 |
Autoimmune disease (8) | ||||||||
 Azathioprine | TPMT | severe bone marrow toxicity | S | CPIC, DPWG | √ | 1 | 7 | 8 |
Epilepsy/neuropathic pain (6) | ||||||||
 Carbamazepine | HLA-B*15:02 | SJS/TEN | S | CPIC, CPNDS | √ | 5 | – | 5 |
 Carbamazepine | HLA-A*31:01 | SJS/TEN, Hypersensitivity | S | CPIC, CPNDS | √ | – | 1 | 1 |
Cancer (3) | ||||||||
 Irinotecan | UGT1A1 | severe neutropenia | S | DPWG | √ | – | 2 | 2 |
 Fluoropyrimidines | DPYD | severe hematologic, GI toxicity | S | CPIC, DPWG | √ | – | 1 | 1 |
Major depressive disorder (1) | ||||||||
 Nortriptyline | CYP2D6 | anticholinergic symptoms | NS | CPIC, DPWG | √ | – | 1 | 1 |
Hormone replacement therapy (1) | ||||||||
 Estrogen combined in oral contraceptives | Factor V Leiden | venous thromboembolic disease | NS | DPWG | – | – | 1 | 1 |