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Table 2 Factors associated with the types of pharmacy services provided (N = 409)a

From: The extent and barriers in providing pharmaceutical care services by community pharmacists in Malaysia: a cross-sectional study

Services

Factors

Characteristics

Frequency

(%)

Odds Ratio (95% CI)

Adjusted p-value

Hosmer-Lemeshow Good of Fit test

Chi-square

p-value

Home medication review

Education

Basic degree

23 (5.9)

As reference

0.032*

1.986

0.370

Master

4 (21.1)

3.728 (1.117, 12.447)

Multiple medicine management

CSCSP

Yes

41 (28.5)

1.848 (1.137, 3.005)

0.013*

0.870

0.929

No

50 (18.9)

As reference

Health supplement

Education

Basic degree

357 (91.5)

4.887 (1.699, 14.054)

0.003**

0.742

0.690

Master

13 (68.4)

As reference

Pregnancy test

Employment

Self-employed

71 (39.4)

2.803 (1.681, 4.672)

< 0.001**

8.125

0.322

Full-time employee

33 (14.4)

As reference

Smoking cessation

Sex

Female

145 (56.2)

2.082 (1.278, 3.392)

0.003**

3.582

0.893

Male

65 (43.0)

As reference

Ethnicityb

Malay

34 (40.5)

As reference

0.022*

Chinese

167 (54.0)

1.936 (1.100, 3.407)

CSCSP

Yes

113 (78.5)

8.158 (4.731, 14.066)

< 0.001**

No

97 (36.6)

As reference

Employment

Self-employed

73 (40.6)

As reference

0.049*

Full-time employee

137 (59.8)

1.642 (1.003, 2.687)

Weight management

Age

Below 40

127 (56.2)

1.772 (1.118, 2.809)

0.015*

12.542

0.084

40 and above

89 (48.6)

As reference

MyHealth

MyWeight

Yes

60 (80.0)

4.892 (2.557, 9.360)

< 0.001**

No

156 (46.7)

As reference

  1. a Eleven respondents from other ethnic groups were excluded from analysis due to insufficient number for statistical comparison
  2. b The three major ethnic groups in Malaysia are Malay, Chinese and Indians but Indians are not shown in this table as there was no significant association when compared to Malay and Chinese
  3. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01
  4. CI Confidence interval, CSCSP Certified smoking cessation service provider