Factor | Crude OR | Confidence Interval | p-value | Adjusted OR | Confidence Interval | p-value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LL | UL | LL | UL | |||||
Sex: | ||||||||
 Male | 1.00 (ref) |  |  | - | 1.00 (ref) |  |  | - |
 Female | 1.52 | 1.25 | 1.86 | < 0.001 | 1.41 | 1.14 | 1.73 | 0.001 |
Age (years): | ||||||||
 18-30 | 1.00 (ref) |  |  | - | 1.00 (ref) |  |  | - |
 31-40 | 1.78 | 1.31 | 2.42 | < 0.001 | 1.54 | 1.09 | 2.17 | 0.015 |
 41-50 | 1.43 | 1.06 | 1.93 | 0.019 | 1.39 | 0.99 | 1.97 | 0.059 |
 51-60 | 1.82 | 1.40 | 2.37 | < 0.001 | 1.81 | 1.29 | 2.53 | 0.001 |
 60+ | 1.74 | 1.28 | 2.38 | 0.001 | 2.05 | 1.33 | 3.16 | 0.001 |
Education level: | ||||||||
 No formal education | 1.00 (ref) |  |  | - | 1.00 (ref) |  |  | - |
 Primary | 0.85 | 0.55 | 1.33 | 0.483 | 0.85 | 0.52 | 1.37 | 0.494 |
 Secondary | 1.06 | 0.71 | 1.58 | 0.789 | 1.37 | 0.88 | 2.15 | 0.167 |
 Tertiary | 1.63 | 1.06 | 2.50 | 0.026 | 2.03 | 1.26 | 3.29 | 0.004 |
Marital status: | ||||||||
 Married | 1.39 | 1.15 | 1.68 | 0.001 | 1.23 | 0.92 | 1.43 | 0.220 |
 Singlea | 1.00 (ref) |  |  | - | 1.00 (ref) |  |  | - |
Employment status: | ||||||||
 Active | 1.00 (ref) |  |  | - |  |  |  |  |
 Inactive | 0.95 | 0.78 | 1.17 | 0.650 |  |  |  |  |
Income category: | ||||||||
 Bottom 40 (B40) | 1.00 (ref) |  |  | - | 1.00 (ref) |  |  | - |
 Middle 40 (M40) | 1.35 | 1.05 | 1.72 | 0.017 | 1.21 | 0.93 | 1.57 | 0.149 |
 Top 20 (T20) | 1.43 | 1.05 | 1.95 | 0.023 | 1.11 | 0.80 | 1.53 | 0.527 |
Locality: | ||||||||
 Urban | 1.44 | 1.13 | 1.84 | 0.004 | 1.42 | 1.13 | 1.79 | 0.002 |
 Rural | 1.00 (ref) |  |  | - | 1.00 (ref) |  |  | - |
Self-reported health problems: | ||||||||
 Yes | 7.42 | 6.02 | 9.13 | < 0.001 | 7.62 | 6.05 | 9.59 | < 0.001 |
 No | 1.00 (ref) |  |  | - | 1.00 (ref) |  |  | - |
Self-rated health: | ||||||||
 Excellent - Good | 1.00 (ref) |  |  | - | 1.00 (ref) |  |  | - |
 Fair | 1.39 | 1.12 | 1.72 | 0.003 | 0.88 | 0.68 | 1.15 | 0.354 |
 Poor – Very Poor | 1.96 | 1.27 | 3.03 | 0.002 | 0.90 | 0.57 | 1.43 | 0.658 |
Presence of DM, HPT or HPC | ||||||||
 No | 1.00 (ref) |  |  | - | 1.00 (ref) |  |  | - |
 Yes | 1.53 | 1.28 | 1.84 | < 0.001 | 1.07 | 0.83 | 1.38 | 0.577 |