Table 2 Multivariable explanatory model for potentially avoidable transfer (PAT)

Rural Residence

0.798 (0.715–0.890)

< 0.001

Arrival during Nights (5p-8a) or Weekend

1.252 (1.144–1.370)

< 0.001

Diagnosis Group (CCS)

< 0.001

 Mental Illness (5)

0.238 (0.202–0.282)

 Circulatory (7)

0.518 (0.437–0.615)

 Digestive (9)

0.563 (0.464–0.683)

 Signs and Symptoms (17)

1.000 (ref)

 Respiratory (8)

0.568 (0.456–0.708)

 Injury and Poisoning (16)

1.374 (1.123–1.680)

 Genitourinary (10)

0.789 (0.619–1.004)

 Musculoskeletal (13)

1.571 (1.252–1.972)

 Nervous System (6)

1.617 (1.288–2.030)

 Skin (12)

0.870 (0.667–1.136)

 Endocrine/Metabolic (3)

0.535 (0.380–0.752)

 Neoplasms (2)

0.470 (0.321–0.690)

 Blood (4)

0.511 (0.327–0.798)

 Infectious/Parasitic Diseases (1)

0.380 (0.209–0.693)

VISN

< 0.001

 1

0.480 (0.276–0.834)

 2

1.280 (0.863–2.206)

 3

1.133 (0.712–1.804)

 4

0.534 (0.333–0.857)

 5

0.515 (0.319–0.832)

 6

0.706 (0.450–1.109)

 7

0.516 (0.320–0.834)

 8

0.839 (0.544–1.293)

 9

0.787 (0.505–1.227)

 10

1.791 (0.967–3.316)

 11

0.568 (0.349–0.923)

 12

0.613 (0.375–1.001)

 15

0.896 (0.553–1.454)

 16

0.492 (0.291–0.830)

 17

0.380 (0.236–0.611)

 18

0.788 (0.471–1.320)

 19

0.412 (0.215–0.790)

 20

0.459 (0.266–0.793)

 21

0.957 (0.565–1.622)

 22

1.673 (1.011–2.770)

 23

1.000 (ref)

More than 50% Board-Certified Emergency Physicians

1.266 (1.103–1.452)

< 0.001