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Table 1 Descriptive statistics by sex and year

From: Effects of adherence to pharmacological secondary prevention after acute myocardial infarction on health care costs – an analysis of real-world data

  

Year 1 after AMI

Year 2 after AMI

Year 3 after AMI

 

Male

Female

 

Male

Female

 

Male

Female

 

Nb

 

2440 (67.40%)

1180 (32.60%)

***

2066 (68.73%)

940 (31.27%)

***

1845 (69.33%)

816 (30.67%)

***

Agea

 

71.67 (10.23)

77.60 (9.05)

***

72.03 (10.13)

77.60 (9.02)

***

72.35 (10.10)

77.92 (9.05)

***

Age groupsb

< 55

184 (7.54%)

28 (2.37%)

***

150 (7.26%)

24 (2.55%)

***

125 (6.78%)

22 (2.70%)

***

 

≥ 55 < 65

397 (16.27%)

79 (6.69%)

 

333 (16.12%)

62 (6.60%)

 

295 (15.99%)

52 (6.37%)

 
 

≥ 65 < 75

851 (34.88%)

291 (24.66%)

 

700 (33.88%)

238 (25.32%)

 

609 (33.01%)

193 (23.65%)

 
 

≥ 75

1008 (41.31%)

782 (66.27%)

 

883 (42.74%)

616 (65.53%)

 

816 (44.23%)

549 (67.28%)

 

BMI groupsb

<  18.5

5 (0.20%)

20 (1.69%)

***

5 (0.24%)

12 (1.28%)

***

3 (0.16%)

8 (0.98%)

***

 

≥ 18.5 < 25

452 (18.52%)

309 (26.19%)

 

382 (18.49%)

235 (25.00%)

 

333 (18.05%)

204 (25.00%)

 
 

≥ 25 < 30

1203 (49.30%)

471 (39.92%)

 

1002 (48.50%)

362 (38.51%)

 

869 (47.10%)

300 (36.76%)

 
 

≥ 30

780 (31.97%)

380 (32.20%)

 

677 (32.77%)

331 (35.21%)

 

640 (34.69%)

304 (37.25%)

 

BIMD 2010 (Q1 least deprived, Q5 most deprived)b

Quartile 1

471 (19.30%)

211 (17.88%)

 

398 (19.26%)

164 (17.45%)

 

356 (19.30%)

144 (17.65%)

 
 

Quartile 2

552 (22.62%)

261 (22.12%)

 

483 (23.38%)

215 (22.87%)

 

445 (24.12%)

191 (23.41%)

 
 

Quartile 3

429 (17.58%)

214 (18.14%)

 

346 (16.75%)

168 (17.87%)

 

301 (17.29%)

141 (17.28%)

 
 

Quartile 4

433 (17.75%)

229 (19.41%)

 

363 (17.57%)

187 (19.89%)

 

319 (17.29%)

159 (19.49%)

 
 

Quartile 5

555 (22.75%)

265 (22.46%)

 

476 (23.04%)

206 (21.91%)

 

424 (22.98%)

181 (22.18%)

 

Smoking statusb

Smoker

344 (14.10%)

88 (7.46%)

***

292 (14.13%)

66 (7.02%)

***

254 (13.77%)

60 (7.35%)

***

NYHAb

0

1216 (49.84%)

509 (43.14%)

***

991 (47.97%)

401 (42.66%)

*

852 (46.18%)

331 (40.56%)

*

 

1

71 (2.91%)

35 (2.97%)

 

69 (3.34%)

31 (3.30%)

 

68 (3.69%)

30 (3.68%)

 
 

2

281 (11.52%)

131 (11.10%)

 

267 (12.92%)

132 (14.04%)

 

262 (14.20%)

123 (15.07%)

 
 

3

446 (18.28%)

226 (19.15%)

 

397 (19.22%)

183 (19.47%)

 

381 (20.65%)

172 (21.08%)

 
 

4

426 (17.46%)

279 (23.64%)

 

342 (16.55%)

193 (20.53%)

 

282 (15.28%)

160 (19.61%)

 

DMP COPDb

 

214 (8.77%)

68 (5.76%)

**

186 (9.00%)

53 (5.64%)

**

157 (8.51%)

43 (5.27%)

**

DMP asthmab

 

54 (2.21%)

36 (3.05%)

 

47 (2.27%)

32 (3.40%)

 

38 (2.06%)

31 (3.80%)

**

DMP type 1 diabetesb

 

7 (0.29%)

5 (0.42%)

 

5 (0.24%)

5 (0.53%)

 

4 (0.22%)

4 (0.49%)

 

DMP type 2 diabetesb

 

1048 (42.95%)

564 (47.80%)

**

907 (43.90%)

450 (47.87%)

*

818 (44.34%)

392 (48.04%)

 

Death in observation periodb

 

252 (10.33%)

151 (12.80%)

*

145 (7.02%)

79 (8.40%)

 

113 (6.12%)

62 (7.60%)

 

HMG assignment per montha

 

€479.24 (€652.99)

€505.28 (€552.82]

 

€757.68 (€768,39)

€786.08 (€656.48)

 

€580.85 (€717.10)

€555.54 (€539.76)

 

Days survived in observation perioda

 

347.10 (60.87)

342.19 (69.79)

*

354.07 (48.19)

351.78 (52.95)

 

355.31 (45.53)

353.57 (48.04)

 

Angina pectorisb

 

1122 (45.98%)

510 (43.22%)

 

441 (21.35%)

191 (20.32%)

 

881 (47.75%)

385 (47.18%)

 

Peripheral vascular diseaseb

 

2332 (95.57%)

1057 (89.58%)

***

1407 (68.10%)

588 (62.55%)

**

1784 (96.69%)

754 (92.40%)

***

Dyslipidemiab

 

2071 (84.88%)

937 (79.41%)

***

1560 (75.51%)

650 (69.15%)

***

1620 (87.80%)

680 (83.33%)

**

Congestive heart failureb

 

1385 (56.76%)

758 (64.24%)

***

868 (42.01%)

453 (48.19%)

**

938 (50.84%)

471 (57.72%)

**

Hypertensionb

 

2341 (95.94%)

1137 (96.36%)

 

1819 (88.04%)

840 (89.36%)

 

1780 (96.48%)

790 (96.81%)

 

Dialysisb

 

81 (3.32%)

27 (2.29%)

 

63 (3.05%)

17 (1.81%)

 

55 (2.98%)

12 (1.47%)

*

PDC-rate ACE inhibitorsa

 

72.41% (40.13)

66.96 (42.97)

***

69.16 (42.40)

61.94 (45.57)

***

67.42 (43.88)

60.23 (46.37)

***

PDC-rate β-blockersa

 

47.76 (32.30)

48.03 (33.86)

 

43.40 (33.14)

43.55 (34.22)

 

42.75 (33.58)

43.64 (35.37)

 

PDC-rate statinsa

 

83.69 (32.19)

75.10 (39.70)

***

82.68 (33.53)

73.54 (40.79)

***

80.75 (35.56)

72.40 (41.81)

***

PDC-rate anti-platelet agentsa

 

46.42 (41.60)

44.65 (41.16)

 

32.83 (39.99)

31.78 (38.99)

 

27.02 (37.97)

25.41 (35.51)

 

Health care expendituresa

 

€18,467.68 (€18,775.49)

€16,846.24 (€15,868.08)

**

€5723.61 (€10,33.65)

€5549.28 (€10,266.74)

 

€5582.88 (€10,598.59)

€5430.74 (€9481.66)

 
  1. amean (SD)
  2. babsolute numbers (percentages)
  3. ap-value based on ANOVA
  4. bp-value based on Chi2-test
  5. Significant differences between the group 0 drugs and the other groups:* p < 0.05 ** p < 0.01 *** p < 0.001
  6. Abbreviations: BIMD 2010 (Bavarian Index of Multiple Deprivation, year 2010), BMI (Body Mass Index), DMP (Disease Management Program), HMG (Hierarchical Morbidity Group), NYHA (New York Hear Association), PDC (Proportion of days covered))