Table 3 Basic characteristics of variables for the total sample and comparisons between hospital grade
Variables | Total sample (N = 9516) | Hospital grade Tertiary hospital | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Secondary hospital (N = 3592) | Tertiary hospital (N = 5924) | |||
Dependent variables | ||||
Length of the latest inpatient, Mean (SD) | 21.12 ± 36.38 | 18.32 ± 31.33 | 22.83 ± 39.03 | † |
Number of admissions, Mean (SD) | 1.38 ± 1.00 | 1.47 ± 1.23 | 1.32 ± 0.83 | † |
Total inpatient expenditure, Mean (SD) | 20,828.01 ± 32,884.50 | 10,446.77 ± 16,698.37 | 27,122.64 ± 38,251.28 | † |
OOP inpatient expenditure, Mean (SD) | 4954.13 ± 11,954.08 | 1889.92 ± 5375.00 | 6812.11 ± 14,244.26 | † |
Independent variables | ||||
Gender, N (%) | ns | |||
Female | 4394 (46.17) | 1622 (45.16) | 2772 (46.79) | |
Male | 5122 (53.83) | 1970 (54.84) | 3152 (53.21) | |
Age, N (%) | † | |||
< 15 | 371 (3.90) | 90 (2.51) | 281 (4.74) | |
15–44 | 1937 (20.36) | 628 (17.48) | 1309 (22.10) | |
45–59 | 3375 (35.47) | 1198 (33.35) | 2177 (36.75) | |
> 59 | 3833 (40.28) | 1676 (46.66) | 2157 (36.41) | |
Marital status, N (%) | ns | |||
Married | 7488 (78.69) | 2837 (78.98) | 4651 (78.51) | |
Others | 2028 (21.31) | 755 (21.02) | 1273 (21.49) | |
Degree of education, N (%) | ns | |||
Primary school or below | 8179 (86.64) | 3068 (86.06) | 5111 (87.00) | |
Junior school | 1089 (11.54) | 438 (12.29) | 651 (11.08) | |
Above junior school | 172 (1.82) | 59 (1.65) | 113 (1.92) | |
Chronic disease, N (%) | † | |||
No chronic disease | 7478 (78.58) | 2680 (74.61) | 4798 (80.99) | |
Chronic disease | 2038 (21.42) | 912 (25.39) | 1126 (19.01) | |
Health status, N (%) | *** | |||
Very good or good | 3222 (33.87) | 1169 (32.54) | 2053 (34.67) | |
Modest | 3217 (33.82) | 1287 (35.83) | 1930 (32.60) | |
Disability or seriously ill | 3074 (32.31) | 1136 (31.63) | 1938 (32.73) | |
Economic status, N (%) a | ns | |||
Quintile 1 (The poorest) | 1954 (20.55) | 741 (20.63) | 1213 (20.50) | |
Quintile 2 (The poorer) | 1893 (19.91) | 682 (18.99) | 1211 (20.47) | |
Quintile 3 (The middle) | 1879 (19.76) | 752 (20.94) | 1127 (19.05) | |
Quintile 4 (The richer) | 1907 (20.06) | 711 (19.80) | 1196 (20.21) | |
Quintile 5 (The richest) | 1875 (19.72) | 705 (19.63) | 1170 (19.77) | |
Time to the hospital, N (%) b | † | |||
The shortest (time < 30) | 2085 (21.91) | 1817 (50.58) | 268 (4.52) | |
The shorter (30 < = time < 60) | 1678 (17.63) | 1119 (31.15) | 559 (9.44) | |
The medium (60 < = time < 90) | 1859 (19.54) | 381 (10.61) | 1478 (24.95) | |
The longer (90 < = time < 120) | 1546 (16.25) | 191 (5.32) | 1355 (22.87) | |
The longest (time > 120) | 2348 (24.67) | 84 (2.34) | 2264 (38.22) | |
Population density, Mean (SD) | 296.53 ± 216.37 | 362.23 ± 228.81 | 256.69 ± 198.14 | † |
Per capita GCP, Mean (SD) | 3.38 ± 2.22 | 3.68 ± 2.62 | 3.20 ± 1.92 | † |
Number of beds per 10,000 people, Mean (SD) | 2.31 ± 0.68 | 2.33 ± 0.64 | 2.30 ± 0.71 | * |
Number of doctors per 10,000 people, Mean (SD) | 0.61 ± 0.18 | 0.62 ± 0.18 | 0.59 ± 0.18 | † |
Number of nurses per 10,000 people, Mean (SD) | 1.03 ± 0.33 | 1.06 ± 0.37 | 1.00 ± 0.30 | † |
Total Counties, N | 73 | |||