From: COVID-19 pandemic and dental hygienists in Italy: a questionnaire survey
Working-experience 1–10 yy | High prevalence area | Medium prevalence area | Low prevalence area | Total sample | ||||
OF | % | OF | % | OF | % | OF | % | |
PPE and device adopted no responders n = 253 (22.33%) | ||||||||
Use of FFP2/FFP3 facial filter χ2(2) = 7.83 p = 0.09 Trend across COVID19 prevalence areas z = 1.47 p = 0.14 | ||||||||
Yes | 233 | 34.78 | 69 | 29.24 | 60 | 26.43 | 362 | 31.95 |
No | 299 | 44.63 | 106 | 44.92 | 113 | 49.78 | 518 | 45.72 |
Use of disposable gown χ2(2) = 4.54 p = 0.34 Trend across COVID19 prevalence areas z = 1.49 p = 0.14 | ||||||||
Yes | 116 | 17.31 | 45 | 19.07 | 36 | 15.86 | 197 | 17.39 |
No | 416 | 62.09 | 130 | 55.08 | 137 | 60.35 | 683 | 60.28 |
Use of safety glasses or visor χ2(2) = 3.97 p = 0.41 Trend across COVID19 prevalence areas z = 1.50 p = 0.14 | ||||||||
Yes | 477 | 71.19 | 161 | 68.22 | 157 | 69.16 | 795 | 70.17 |
No | 55 | 8.21 | 14 | 5.93 | 16 | 7.05 | 85 | 7.50 |
Rotating instrument with anti-retraction valve χ2(2) = 5.12 p = 0.28 Trend across COVID19 prevalence areas z = 1.49 p = 0.13 | ||||||||
Yes | 41 | 6.12 | 17 | 7.20 | 19 | 8.37 | 77 | 6.80 |
No | 491 | 73.28 | 158 | 66.95 | 154 | 67.84 | 803 | 70.87 |
Measures adopted no responders n = 272 (24.01%) | ||||||||
Phone triage χ2(2) = 28.74 p < 0.01 Trend across COVID19 prevalence areas z = 1.61 p = 0.11 | ||||||||
Yes | 381 | 56.87 | 103 | 43.64 | 90 | 39.65 | 574 | 50.66 |
No | 141 | 21.04 | 68 | 28.81 | 78 | 34.36 | 287 | 25.33 |
Appointments delayed so to not saturate the waiting room χ2(2) = 4.33 p = 0.36 Trend across COVID19 prevalence areas z = 1.67 p = 0.09 | ||||||||
Yes | 259 | 38.66 | 92 | 38.98 | 85 | 37.44 | 436 | 38.48 |
No | 263 | 39.25 | 79 | 33.47 | 83 | 36.56 | 425 | 37.51 |
Postponement of therapy of elderly patients χ2(2) = 5.35 p = 0.25 Trend across COVID19 prevalence areas z = 1.65 p = 0.09 | ||||||||
Yes | 169 | 25.22 | 58 | 24.58 | 46 | 20.26 | 273 | 24.10 |
No | 353 | 52.69 | 113 | 47.88 | 122 | 53.74 | 588 | 51.90 |
Washing the patient’s hands χ2(2) = 16.32 p < 0.01 Trend across COVID19 prevalence areas z = 1.62 p = 0.10 | ||||||||
Yes | 380 | 56.72 | 113 | 47.88 | 98 | 43.17 | 591 | 52.16 |
No | 142 | 21.19 | 58 | 24.58 | 70 | 30.84 | 270 | 23.83 |
Working-experience 11–20 yy | High prevalence area | Medium prevalence area | Low prevalence area | Total sample | ||||
OF | % | OF | % | OF | % | OF | % | |
PPE and device adopted by the dental hygienists no responders n = 214 (23.19%) | ||||||||
Use of FFP2/FFP3 facial filter χ2(2) = 1.59 p = 0.81 Trend across COVID19 prevalence areas z = 1.47 p = 0.31 | ||||||||
Yes | 132 | 29.80 | 69 | 31.36 | 74 | 28.46 | 275 | 29.79 |
No | 213 | 48.08 | 102 | 46.36 | 119 | 45.77 | 434 | 47.02 |
Use of disposable gown χ2(2) = 3.94 p = 0.41 Trend across COVID19 prevalence areas z = 0.99 p = 0.32 | ||||||||
Yes | 86 | 19.41 | 36 | 16.36 | 37 | 14.23 | 159 | 17.23 |
No | 259 | 58.47 | 135 | 61.36 | 156 | 60.00 | 550 | 59.59 |
Use of safety glasses or visor χ2(2) = 2.30 p = 0.68 Trend across categories of COVID19 prevalence areas z = 1.00 p = 0.32 | ||||||||
Yes | 316 | 71.33 | 154 | 70.00 | 172 | 66.15 | 642 | 69.56 |
No | 29 | 6.55 | 17 | 7.73 | 21 | 8.08 | 67 | 7.26 |
Rotating instrument with anti-retraction valve χ2(2) = 2.96 p = 0.56 Trend across COVID19 prevalence areas z = 1.01 p = 0.32 | ||||||||
Yes | 29 | 6.55 | 10 | 4.55 | 18 | 6.92 | 57 | 6.18 |
No | 316 | 71.33 | 161 | 73.18 | 175 | 67.31 | 652 | 70.64 |
Measures adopted by the dental hygienists no responders n = 238 (25.79%) | ||||||||
Phone triage χ2(2) = 4.72 p = 0.317 Trend across COVID19 prevalence areas z = 0.77 p = 0.44 | ||||||||
Yes | 227 | 51.24 | 104 | 47.27 | 112 | 43.08 | 443 | 48.00 |
No | 106 | 23.93 | 60 | 27.27 | 76 | 29.23 | 242 | 26.22 |
Appointments delayed so to not saturate the waiting room χ2(2) = 1.87 p = 0.76 Trend across COVID19 prevalence areas z = 0.80 p = 0.42 | ||||||||
Yes | 150 | 33.86 | 82 | 37.27 | 90 | 34.62 | 322 | 34.89 |
No | 183 | 41.31 | 82 | 37.27 | 98 | 37.69 | 363 | 39.33 |
Postponement of therapy of elderly patients χ2(2) = 3.32 p = 0.50 Trend across COVID19 prevalence areas z = 0.78 p = 0.44 | ||||||||
Yes | 134 | 30.25 | 54 | 24.55 | 69 | 26.54 | 257 | 27.84 |
No | 199 | 44.92 | 110 | 50.00 | 119 | 45.77 | 428 | 46.37 |
Washing the patient’s hands χ2(2) = 19.23 p < 0.01 Trend across COVID19 prevalence areas z = 0.75 p = 0.45 | ||||||||
Yes | 239 | 53.95 | 98 | 44.55 | 101 | 38.85 | 438 | 47.45 |
No | 94 | 21.22 | 66 | 30.00 | 87 | 33.46 | 247 | 26.76 |
Working-experience > 20 yy | High prevalence area | Medium prevalence area | Low prevalence area | Total sample | ||||
OF | % | OF | % | OF | % | OF | % | |
PPE and device adopted by the dental hygienists no responders n = 210 (25.77%) | ||||||||
Use of FFP2/FFP3 facial filter χ2(2) = 7.39 p = 0.12 Trend across COVID19 prevalence areas z = −1.05 p = 0.29 | ||||||||
Yes | 82 | 27.24 | 93 | 34.19 | 65 | 26.86 | 240 | 29.45 |
No | 137 | 45.51 | 107 | 39.34 | 121 | 50.00 | 365 | 44.79 |
Use of disposable gown χ2(2) = 3.83 p = 0.43 Trend across COVID19 prevalence areas z = − 1.06 p = 0.29 | ||||||||
Yes | 50 | 16.61 | 56 | 20.59 | 40 | 16.53 | 146 | 17.91 |
No | 169 | 56.15 | 144 | 52.94 | 146 | 60.33 | 459 | 56.32 |
Use of safety glasses or visor χ2(2) = 4.66 p = 0.32 Trend across COVID19 prevalence areas z = −1.06 p = 0.29 | ||||||||
Yes | 201 | 66.78 | 175 | 64.34 | 172 | 71.07 | 548 | 67.24 |
No | 18 | 5.98 | 25 | 9.19 | 14 | 5.79 | 57 | 6.99 |
Rotating instrument with anti-retraction valve χ2(2) = 11.10 p = 0.02 Trend across COVID19 prevalence areas z = −1.05 p = 0.29 | ||||||||
Yes | 31 | 10.30 | 11 | 4.04 | 26 | 10.74 | 68 | 8.34 |
No | 188 | 62.46 | 189 | 69.49 | 160 | 66.12 | 537 | 65.89 |
Measures adopted by the dental hygienists no responders n 237 = (29.08%) | ||||||||
Phone triage χ2(2) = 21.99 p < 0.001 Trend across COVID19 prevalence areas z = −1.70 p = 0.09 | ||||||||
Yes | 145 | 48.17 | 95 | 34.93 | 115 | 47.52 | 355 | 43.56 |
No | 60 | 19.93 | 97 | 35.66 | 66 | 27.27 | 223 | 27.36 |
Appointments delayed to not saturate the waiting room χ2(2) = 3.85 p = 0.43 Trend across COVID19 prevalence areas z = − 167 p = 0.09 | ||||||||
Yes | 109 | 36.21 | 107 | 39.34 | 105 | 43.39 | 321 | 39.39 |
No | 96 | 31.89 | 85 | 31.25 | 76 | 31.40 | 257 | 31.53 |
Postponement of therapy of elderly patients χ2(2) = 3.47 p = 0.48 Trend across COVID19 prevalence areas z = −1.70 p = 0.09 | ||||||||
Yes | 95 | 31.56 | 92 | 33.82 | 80 | 33.06 | 267 | 32.76 |
No | 110 | 36.54 | 100 | 36.76 | 101 | 41.74 | 311 | 38.16 |
Washing the patient’s hands χ2(2) = 9.10 p = 0.06 Trend across COVID19 prevalence areas z = − 171 p = 0.09 | ||||||||
Yes | 141 | 46.84 | 116 | 42.65 | 103 | 42.56 | 360 | 44.17 |
No | 64 | 21.26 | 76 | 27.94 | 78 | 32.23 | 218 | 26.75 |