Antibiotic prescription for febrile outpatients: a health facility-based secondary data analysis for the Greater Accra region of Ghana

Table 6 Crude and adjusted logistic regression of factors associated with antibiotic prescribing

	Crude OR (95% CI)	p-value	Adjusted OR (95% CI)	p-value
Cough (Ref: No)		< 0.001***		< 0.001***
Yes	3.28 (2.57, 4.19)		3.54 (2.54, 4.92)
Dizziness (Ref: No)		0.033*		< 0.001***
Yes	0.81 (0.66, 0.98)		0.48 (0.33, 0.71)
Difficulty in swallowing (Ref: No)		0.001**		< 0.001***
Yes	2.87 (1.51, 5.44)		7.78 (3.43, 17.64)
Watery stool (Ref: No)		0.044*		0.031*
Yes	1.24 (1.01, 1.53)		1.56 (1.04, 2.34)
General body pain (Ref: No)		0.019*		0.104
Yes	0.79 (0.65, 0.96)		0.79 (0.59, 1.05)
Nasal congestion (Ref: No)		< 0.001***		0.110
Yes	1.67 (1.36, 2.04)		1.30 (0.94, 1.80)
Laboratory investigations (Ref: No)		< 0.001***		0.003**
Yes	0.62 (0.51, 0.74)		0.71 (0.57, 0.89)
Pneumonia (Ref: No)		0.035*		0.147
Yes	1.27 (1.02, 1.60)		1.57 (0.85, 2.88)
Acute respiratory tract infection (Ref: No)		< 0.001***		0.728
Yes	1.80 (1.44, 2.25)		0.95 (0.70, 1.28)
Typhoid fever (Ref: No)		0.015*		< 0.001***
Yes	1.32 (1.06, 1.66)		3.78 (2.28, 6.26)
Urinary tract infection (Ref: No)		< 0.001***		< 0.001*
Yes	1.51 (1.20, 1.89)		3.53 (2.23, 5.60)
Skin disease (Ref: No)		0.020*		0.020*
Yes	1.54 (1.07, 2.20)		1.82 (1.10, 3.02)

P < 0.05*, p < 0.01**, p < 0.001***, significance levels; CI Confidence Interval, OR Odds ratio, Ref Reference.

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